MUHAMMAD IBNU SOIM: Asuransi Syari'ah

BAB I PENDAPAT PARA ULAMA’ TENTANG ASURANSI SYARI’AH

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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">BAB
I</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PENDAHULUAN</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Konsep dan perjanjian asuransi merupakan
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>jenis akad baru yang <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>belum pernah ada pada masa-masa pertama
perkembangan fiqih Islam. Hal ini menimbulkan banyak perbincangan dan pendapat
tentang hukum asuransi menurun syari’at Islam. Perbedaan pendapat bermunculan
dari para ulama’ fiqih masa kini. Diantara mereka ada yang membolehkan dan
menghalalkan asuransi, dan sebagian dari mereka melarang dan mengharamkannya.
Adapula kelompok yang mengharamkan asuransi hanya pada sebagian macamnya saja,
atau jenis-jenis asuransi tertentu saja.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pada makalah ini, dengan keterbatasan
yang ada, hanya akan dibahas mengenai beberapa pendapat para ulama’ tentang pendapat
para ulama’ tentang Asuransi. Baik pendapat yang membolehkan ataupun pendapat
dari para ulama yang tidak membolehkan asuransi syari’ah tersebut.</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">                                                         </span></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">                                                                             </span>BAB
II</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PEMBAHASAN</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PENDAPAT
PARA ULAMA’ TENTANG ASURANSI SYARI’AH</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">A.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PENDAPAT
ULAMA YANG MENGHARAMKAN</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Adapun pendapat para ulama’ yang mengharamkan
asuransi diantaranya adalah:</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pendapat
Syaikh Ibnu Abidin dari Mazhab Hanafi</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Orang yang pertama kali berbicara
tentang asuransi dikalangan ahli fiqih Islam adalah Muhammad Amin Ibnu Umar,
yang terkenal dengan sebuah Ibnu Abidin Addimasyqi. Dia adalah tokoh ulama’
dari aliran Hanafiyah yang mempunyai banyak karya ilmiah yang tersebar di Dunia
Islam<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[1]</span></span></span></span></a>. </span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pendapat
Syaikh Muhammad Bakhit Almuthi’ie, Mufti Mesir (1854-1935)</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ia berkata, telah datang surat Tuan-tuan
yang menyebutkan bahwa orang muslim menempatkan harta bendanya dibawah
penjaminan suatu perusahaan yang persero-perseronya terdiri dari orang-orang <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">dzimmy</i>.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[2]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pendapat
Syekh Muhammad Al-Ghazali, ulama dan tokoh haraki dari Mesir</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dalam kitabnya, (Islam dan pokok-pokok
ajaran sosialisme) halaman 29, ia menyatakan bahwa asuransi itu mengandung <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">riba,</i> karena beberapa hal diantaranya
adalah:</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Apabila
waktu perjanjian telah habis, maka uang <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">premi</i>
dikembalikan kepada terjamin dengan disertai bunganya dan ini adalah <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">riba</i>. Apabila jangka waktu yang tersebut
di dalam <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">polis</i> belum habis dan
perjanjian diputuskan, maka uang premi dikembalikan dengan dikurangi
biaya-biaya administrasi</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ganti
kerugian yang diberikan kepada terjamin pada waktu terjadinya peristiwa yang
disebutkan di dalam polis, juga tidak dapat diterima oleh syara’. Karena,
orang-orang yang mengerjakan asuransi bukan syarikat di dalam untung dan rugi,
sedangkan orang-orang lain ikut memberikan sahamnya dalam uang yang diberikan
kepada terjamin</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Maskapai
asuransi di dalam kebanyakan usahanya, menjalankan pekerjaan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">riba</i> (pinjaman berbunga, dan lain-lain)</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi
dengan arti ini merupakan salah satu alat untuk berbuat dosa. Banyak alasan
uang dicari-cari guna mengorek keuntungan dengan mengharap datangnya peristiwa
yang tiba-tiba.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pendapat
dari Syekh Muhammad Yusuf al-Qaradhawi, Ulama dan Dai terkemuka didunia Islam
saat ini, Guru Besar<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>Universitas Qatar</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Al-Qaradhawi dalam kitabnya (Halal dan Haram
Dalam Islam) mengatakan bahwa asuransi (konvensional) dalam praktik sekarang
bertentangan dengan prinsip-prinsip syari’ah Islam. Ia mencontohkan dalam asuransi
kecelakaan, yaitu seseorang anggota membayar sejumlah uang (x rupiah misalnya)
setiap tahun. Apabila ia bisa lolos dari kecelakaan, maka uang jaminan itu
hilang (hangus). Sedangkan, si pemilik perusahaan akan menguasai sejumlah uang
tersebut dan sedikit pun ia tidak mengembalikannya kepada anggota asuransi itu.
Tetapi bila terjadi suatu kecelakaan, maka perusahaan akan membayar sejumlah
uang yang telah diperjanjikan bersama</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pendapat
Syekh Abu Zahro, ulama fiqih termasyhur<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> 
</span>dan banyak menulis karya ilmiah tentang hukum Islam, Guru Besar
Universitas Kairo Mesir</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Abu Zahro menyimpulkan bahwa asuransi sosial
(saling menolong) adalah halal sebagai perkara alami yang <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>perlu diadakan. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sedangkan, asuransi yang semata-mata bersifat
komersil/nonsosial hukumnya haram. Dalam banyak pembahasannya tentang asuransi,
ia berkesimpulan sebagai berikut:</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi
yang bersifat perkumpulan dengan tujuan sosial adalah halal (hukumnya) dan
tidak ada <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">syubhah </i>didalamnya</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tidak
menyetujui<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>akad-akad asuransi yang yang
tidak bersifat perkumpulan dengan alasan ada <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">syubhah</i> dan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">gharar</i>
didalamnya sehingga <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">gharar</i> itu
menjadi penyebab tidak sahnya semua akad</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ada
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">riba</i> didalanya, karena adanya bunga
yang diperhitungkan. Ini satu pihak, dan dari pihak lain ia memberikan sejumlah
kecil uang, lalu menerima lebih banyak jumlahnya</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tidak
ada keadaan memaksa dalam bidang perekonomian yang mewajibkannya</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pendapat
Dr. Muhammad Muslehuddin, Guru Besar Hukum Islam Universitas London</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dalam disertai doktrinnya berjudul<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> Insurance and Islamic Law, </i>Muslehuddin
mengatakan bahwa kontrak asuransi konvensional ditolak oleh ulama atau kalangan
cendekiawan muslim dengan berbagai alasan, sementara penyokong modernis Islam
berkeras bahwa asuransi boleh menurut hukum Islam. Keberatan para ulama
terutama adalah sebagai berikut:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi
merupakan kontrak perjudian</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi
hanyalah pertaruhan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi
bersifat tidak pasti</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi
jiwa adalah alat dengan mata suatu usaha dilakukan untuk mengganti kehendak
Tuhan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dalam
asuransi jiwa, jumlah premi tidak tentu, karena pasti asuransi tidak tahu
berapa kali cicilan yang akan dibayarkan sampai ia meninggal dunia</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pendapat
Prof. Dr. Wahbah az-Zuhaili, ulama ahli fiqih, Guru Besar Universitas Damaskus
Syria</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Akad asuransi bersama (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">mutual)</i> juga merupakan akad pertukaran
harta. Ia juga termasuk <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">gharar</i>,
sebagaimana <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">gharar </i>yang terjadi
dikebanyakan akad pertukaran harta</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pendapat
Dr. Husain Hamid Hisan, ulama dan cendekiawan muslim dari Universitas Al-Malik
Abdul Aziz Mekkah Al-Mukarromah</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ia menulis satu buku yang snagat
fundamental dengan hujjah yang kuat tentang <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">gharar,
maisir</i> dan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">riba</i> dalam asuransi. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Nama bukunya adalah Asuransi dalam Hukum Islam
secara garis besar Hamid Hisan berkesimpulan sebagai berikut:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Akad
asuransi adalah akad yang mengandung <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">gharar</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Akad
asuransi mengandung judi dan taruhan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Akad
asuransi mengandung <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">riba<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[3]</span></b></span></span></span></a></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pendapat
Prof. KH. Ali Yafie, mantan Ketua MUI, mantan Rais Am NU, Guru Besar Ilmu Fiqih
salah satu <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ulama yang sangat independen
pendapatnya di Indonesia, dan berperan besar dalam proses pendirian BMI dan
asuransi Takaful, bank dan asuransi syari’ah pertama di Indonesia.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[4]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">B.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PENDAPAT
YANG ULAMA YANG MEMBOLEHKAN </span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Syeikh
Abdur Rahman Isa</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Syeikh Abdur Rahman Isa adalah salah
seorang Guru Besar Universitas Al-Azhar. Dengan tegazs ia menyatakan bahwa
asuransi merupakan praktik muamalat gaya baru yang belum dijumpai imam-imam
terdahulu, demikian juga para sahabat Nabi. Pekerjaan ini menghasilkan
kemaslahatan ekonomi yang banyak. Oleh karena itu, asuransi menyangkut
kepentingan umum, maka halal menurut syara’.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[5]</span></span></span></span></a> </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Prof.
Dr. Muhammad Yusuf Musa Guru Besar Universitas Kairo</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Yusuf Musa mengatakan bahwa asuransi
bagaimana bentuknya merupakan koperasi yang menguntungkan masyarakat. Asuransi
jiwa menguntungkan nasabah sebagaimana halnya menguntungkan perusahaan yang mengelola
asuransi.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Syeikh
Abdul Wahab Kholaf, Guru Besar Hukum Islam Universitas Kairo</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ia mengatakan bahwa<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>asuransi itu boleh sebab termasuk akad<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> mudharabah</i>. Akad <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">mudharabah</i> dalam syari’at Islam ialah perjanjian <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>persekutuan dalam keuntungan, dengan modal
yang diberikan oleh satu pihak dan dengan tenaga dipihak yang lain.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Prof.
Dr. Muhammad al-Bahi, Wakil Rektor Universitas Al-Azhar Mesir</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dalam kitabnya ia berpendapat bahwa
asuransi itu hukumnya halal karena beberapa sebab:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi
merupakan suatu usaha yang bersifat tolong menolong</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi
mirip dengan akad <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">mudharabah</i> dan
untuk mengembangkan harta benda</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi
tidak mengandung unsur <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">riba</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi
tidak mengandung tipu daya</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi
tidak mengurangi tawakal kepada Allah SWT</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">f)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi
suatu usaha untuk menjamin anggotanya yang jauh melarat karena suatu musibah</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">g)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi
memperlus lapangan kerja baru.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ustadz
Bahjah Ahmad Hilmi, Penasehat Pengadilan Tinggi Mesir</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ia mengatakan bahwa tujuan asuransi
ialah meringankan dan memperlunak tekanan kerugian dan memelihara harta
nasabah, yang sekiranya ia menanggung sendiri kerugian itu, betapa berat beban
yang dipikulnya, akibat hilangnya harta bendanya. Karena terpeliharanya harta
benda merupakan salah satu tujuan agama, maka asuransi boleh menurut syara’</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Syeikh
Muhammad Dasuki</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dalam kitabnya, ia mengatakan bahwa
asuransi itu hukumnya halal dikarenakan beberapa hal diantaranya adalah:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi
sma dengan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">syirkah mudharabah</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi
sama dengan akad <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">syirkah</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi
sama dengan akad <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">kafalah</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dr.
Muhammad Najatullah Shiddiq, berkebangsaan India, Pengajar Univesitas King
Abdul Aziz</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Nejatullah Siddiq, menganalogikan asuransi
dengan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">kafalah</i> atau ganti rugi.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Syikh
Muhammad Ahmad, Sarjana dan Pakar Ekonomi Pakistan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Syeikh Muhammad Ahmad, membolehkan
asuransi jiwa dan asuransi konvensional lainnya dengan alasan sebagai berikut:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Persetujuan
asuransi tidak menghilangkan arti tawakal <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>kepada Allah</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Didalam
asuransi tidak ada pihak yang dirugikan dan merugikan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tujuan
asuransi adalah kerja sama dan tolong menolong</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Syeikh
Muhammad Al-Madni, seorang Ulama’ yang cukup dikenal di Al-Azhar Kairo</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Syeikh Muhammad Al-Madni mengatakan
bahwa asuransi itu hukumnya menurut syara’ boleh, sebab premi (iuran) asuransi
itu diinvestasikan dan bermanfaat untuk tolong menolong. Demikian pula sahabat
al-Madni Ustadz Ahmad Thoha as-Sanusi salah satu cendekiawan di Al-Azhar Mesir
mengatakan hal yang sama.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[6]</span></span></span></span></a> </span></div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span></b>

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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">BAB
III</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">KESIMPULAN</span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dari pembahasan makalah diatas, maka
dapat kami simpulkan bahwa Perbedaan pendapat bermunculan dari para ulama’
fiqih masa kini. Diantara mereka ada yang membolehkan dan menghalalkan
asuransi, dan sebagian dari mereka melarang dan mengharamkannya. Adapula
kelompok yang mengharamkan asuransi hanya pada sebagian macamnya saja, atau
jenis-jenis asuransi tertentu saja.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Banyak para ulama’ Islam<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>yang berbeda pendapat tentang memaknai hukum
asuransi baik konvensional maupun asuransi syari’ah. Semua itu dilakukan guna
untuk memberikan kepuasan kepada masyarakat Islam agar tidak ragu lagi
menggunakan produk asuransi tersebut dan dengan adanya perbedaan pendapat
tersebut kita tahuternyata ada yang membolehkan dan ada juga yang tidak
membolehkan asuransi tersebut.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span></b>

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<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">DAFTAR
PUSTAKA</span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Ali Yafie, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Asuransi Dalam Pandangan Islam, Menggagas Fiqih Sosial, </i>(Bandung:
Mizan,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>1994).</span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Al-Jamal, Muhammad Abdul Mun’in, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mausu’atul Iqtishad Al-Islammy,</i>(Mesir:
Daarul Kitab Al-Mishri, 1996).</span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Hamid Hisan Husin, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Hukmu Asy-Syariah Al-Islamiyah Fii ‘Uqnudi At-Ta’min, </i>(Kairo: Dar
Al I’tisham, tt).</span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Keputusan Majelis Ulama Nahdlatul
Ulama’, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Asuransi Menurut Islam, </i>(Munas
No. 03/Munas/1992, tentang Asuransi Menurut Islam, 1992).</span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Muhammad Syakir Sula, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Asuransi Syari’ah (Life and General): Konsep
dan Sistem Operasional, </i>(Jakarta: Gema Insani Press, 2004).</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="mso-element: footnote-list;">
<br clear="all" />

<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[1]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Ali Yafie, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Asuransi Dalam Pandangan Islam, Menggagas
Fiqih Sosial, </i>(Bandung: Mizan, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>1994), hal. 211-212.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;">

<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[2]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Al-Jamal, Muhammad Abdul
Mun’in, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mausu’atul Iqtishad Al-Islammy,</i>(Mesir:
Daarul Kitab Al-Mishri, 1996), hal. 359.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn3" style="mso-element: footnote;">

<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[3]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Hamid Hisan Husin, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Hukmu Asy-Syariah Al-Islamiyah Fii ‘Uqnudi
At-Ta’min, </i>(Kairo: Dar Al I’tisham, tt), hal. 84.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn4" style="mso-element: footnote;">

<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[4]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Ali Yafi’i, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Asuransi Dalam Pandangan Syari’at Islam, </i>dalam
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Menggagas Fiqih Sosial, </i>(Bandung:
Mizan, 1994), hal. 203-230.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn5" style="mso-element: footnote;">

<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[5]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Keputusan Majelis Ulama
Nahdlatul Ulama’, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Asuransi Menurut Islam,
</i>(Munas No. 03/Munas/1992, tentang Asuransi Menurut Islam, 1992), hal.
53-61.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn6" style="mso-element: footnote;">

<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[6]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Muhammad Syakir Sula, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Asuransi Syari’ah (Life and General): Konsep
dan Sistem Operasional, </i>(Jakarta: Gema Insani Press, 2004), hal.75.</span></div>
</div>
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BAB I PENDAPAT PARA ULAMA’ TENTANG ASURANSI SYARI’AH

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20 Nov 2013

BAB I PERBEDAAN ASURANSI SYARI’AH DENGAN ASURANSI KONVENSIONAL

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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">BAB I</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PENDAHULUAN</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sejak dikeluarkannya Undang-undang No. 7
tahun 1992 tentang Perbankan <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>sebagaimana
telah<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>diubah dengan Undang-undang No. 10
Tahun 1998, perkembangan bank yang melaksanakan kegiatan usaha berdasarkan
prinsip syari’ah cukup menggembirakan. Hal ini mengingat sebagian besar
masyarakat Indonesia yang beragama Islam enggan untuk melaksanakan transaksi
yang tidak berdasarkan prinsip syari’ah. Perkembangan perbankan Islam ini juga
diakui dengan perkembangan asuransi Islam yang mulai marak dalam perasuransian
di Indonesia.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[1]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Berkenaan dengan asuransi syari’ah,
hanya ada tiga hal yang dalam praktik bisnis asuransi konvensional dianggap
biasa, tetapi dalam praktik bisnis asuransi konvensional dianggap biasa, tetapi
dalam praktik asuransi syari’ah dilarang, yaitu <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">gharar, maisir </i>dan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">riba. </i>Dari
latar belakang diatas, maka disini pemakalah akan membahas makalah yang
berjudul tentang perbedaan antara asuransi syari’ah dengan asuransi
konvensional secara ringkas agar mudah untuk dipahami dan mudah untuk
dimengerti.</span></div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">BAB II</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PEMBAHASAN</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PERBEDAAN ASURANSI SYARI’AH DENGAN
ASURANSI KONVENSIONAL</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">A.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PENGERTIAN
ASURANSI SYARI’AH</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dalam bahasa Arab, asuransi <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>dikenal dengan istilah <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">at-ta’min, </i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>yang mempunyai
arti penanggung disebut <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">mu’amin, </i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>tertanggung disebut <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">mu’amman lahu </i>atau <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">musta’min.</i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">At-ta’min </i>diambil dari <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">amana</i> yang artinya memberi perlindungan,
ketenangan, rasa aman, dan bebas dari rasa takut<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[2]</span></span></span></span></a>.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ahli fikih kontemporer <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Wahbah az-Zuhaili mendefinisikan <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>asuransi berdasarkan pembagiannya. Ia membagi
asuransi dalam dua bentuk, yaitu <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">at-ta’min
at-ta’awunt </i>dan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">at-ta’min bi qist
sabit.</i> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">At-tamin at-ta’awuni </i>atau
asuransi tolong menolong adalah kesepakatan sejumlah orang untuk membayar
sejumlah uang sebagai ganti rugi ketika salah seorang diantara mereka
mendapatkan kemudaratan.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[3]</span></span></span></span></a> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">At-ta’min bi qist sabit </i>atau asuransi dengan
pembagian tetap adalah akad yang mewajibkan seseorang membayar sejumlah uang
kepada pihak asuransi yang terdiri atas beberapa pemegang saham dengan
perjanjian apabila peserta asuransi mendapatkan kecelakaan, ia diberi ganti
rugi.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[4]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Musthafa Ahmad Az-Zarqa memaknai asuransi adalah
sebagai suatu cara atau metode untuk memelihara manusia dalam menghindari
risiko (ancaman) bahaya yang beragam yang akan terjadi dalam hidupnya, dalam
perjalanan kegiatan hidupnya atau dalam aktivitas ekonominya.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[5]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">B.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PERBEDAAN
ASURANSI SYARI’AH DENGAN KONVENSIONAL</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi syari’ah adalah suatu pengaturan
pengelolaan risiko yang memenuhi ketentuan syari’ah. Tolong-menolong secara
mutual yang melibatkan peserta dan operator. Syari’ah berasal dari
ketentuan-ketentuan di dalam Al-Qur’an (firman Allah yang disampaikan kepada
Nabi Muhammad SAW) dan As-Sunnah (teladan dari kehidupan Nabi Muhammad SAW).<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[6]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sebatas tertentu konsep syari’ah tidak terlalu
berbeda jauh dengan konsep pengelolaan risiko konvensional yang dilakukan
secara mutual, seperti<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> Mutual Insurance </i>dan
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Protection andIndemnity Club.</i> Letak
perbedaan antara asuransi syari’ah dengan asuransi konvensional adalah pada
bagaimana risiko itu dikelola dan ketanggung, dan bagaimana dana asuransi
syari’ah dikelola. Perbedaan lebih jauh adalah pada hubungan antara operator
(pada asuransi konvensional istilah yang digunakan: penanggung) dengan peserta
(pada asuransi konvensional istilah yang digunakan: tertanggung).<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn7;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[7]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dalam pengelolaan dan penanggungan risiko, asuransi
syari’ah tidak memperbolehkan adanya <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">gharar</i>
(ketidak pastian atau spekulasi) dan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">maisir
</i>(perjudian). Dalam investasi atau manajemen dana tidak diperkenalkan adanya
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">riba</i> (bunga). Ketiga keterangan ini, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">gharar, maisir </i>dan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">riba </i>adalah area yang harus dihindari dalam praktik asuransi
syari’ah, dan yang menjadi pembeda utama dengan asuransi konvensional. Dalam
upaya menghindari <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">gharar,</i> pada setiap
kontrak asuransi syari’ah harus dibuat sejelas mungkin dan sepenuhnya terbuka.
Keterbukaan itu<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>dapat diterapkan di kedua
sisi, yaitu baik pada pokok permasalahan maupun pada ketentuan kontrak. Tidak
diperbolehkan di dalam kontrak asuransi syari’ah bila terdapat elemen yang
tidak jels dalam pokok permasalahan dan atau ruang lingkup kontrak itu sendiri.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn8;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[8]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Maisir
</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(perjudian) timbul karena adanya <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">gharar. </i>Peserta (tertanggung) mungkin
memiliki kepentingan yang dipertanggungkan tetapi apabila perpindahan risiko
(atau pembagian risiko dalam asuransi syari’ah) berisikan elemen-elemen
spekulatif, maka tidak diperkenankan dalam asuransi syari’ah. Sedangkan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">riba </i>(bunga) sama sekali dilarang
dibawah hukum syari’ah dan di bawah <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>pengaturan asuransi syari’ah. Untuk
menghindari <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">riba,</i> dalam asuransi
syari’ah, kontribusi para pesertanya dikelola dalam skema pembagian risiko <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">(risk sharing)</i> dan bukan sebagai premi,
seperti layaknya pada asuransi konvensional. Dalam ketentuan asuransi syari’ah
diberlakukan adanya kontribusi dalam bentuk donasi dengan kondisi atas
kompensasi <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">(tabarru’)</i>. Lebih jauh
lagi, sumber dana yang berasal dari kontribusi atau donasi para peserta itu,
harus dikelola dan diinvenstasikan berdasarkan ketentuan syari’ah.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn9;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[9]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menurut Muhammad Syakir Sula (2004), konsep asuransi
syari’ah adalah suatu konsep dimana terjadi saling memikul risiko diantara
sesama peserta. Sehingga <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>antara saut
dengan yang lainnya menjadi penanggung atas risiko yang muncul. Saling pikul
risiko ini dilakukan atas dasar saling menolong dalam kebaikan dengan cara masing-masing
mengeluarkan dana <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">tabarru’</i> atau dana
kebajikan (derma) yang ditujukan untuk menanggung risiko.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn10;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[10]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi yang berdasarkan konsep tolong menolong
dalam kebaikan dan ketakwaan, menjadikan semua peserta dalam suatu keluarga
besar untuk saling melindungi dan menanggung risiko keuangan yang terjadi
diantara mereka. Konsep <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">takaful </i>yang
merupakan dasar dari asuransi syari’ah, ditegakan diatas tiga prinsip dasar
yaitu:</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Saling
bertanggung jawab</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Saling
bekerja sama dan saling membantu</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Saling
melindungi.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn11;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[11]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sistem asuransi syari’ah adalah sikap <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">ta’awun</i> yang telah diatur dengan sistem
yang sangat rapi, antara sejumlah besar manusia, semuanya telah siap
mengantisipasi suatuperistiwa. Jika sebagian mereka mengalami peristiwa tersebut,
maka semuanya saling menolong dalam menghadapi peristiwa itu dengan sedikit
pemberian (derma) yang diberikan oleh setiap individu. Dengan pemberian derma
tersebut, maka mereka dapat menutupi kerugian-kerugian yang dialami oleh orang
yang tertimpa peristiwa tersebut.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn12" name="_ftnref12" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn12;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[12]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sedangkan konsep asuransi konvensional sebagaimana
didefinisikan dalam Undang-undang Tentang Usaha Perasuransian berbunyi “Asuransi
atau pertanggungan adalah perjanjian antara dua pihak atau lebih, dimana pihak
penanggung mengikatkan diri kepada tertanggung, dengan menerima premi asuransi,
untuk memberikan penggantian kepada tertanggung karena kerugian, kerusakan,
atau kehilangan keuntungan yang diharapkankan, atau tanggung jawab hukum kepada
pihak ketiga yang mungkin akan diderita tertanggung, yang timbul dari suatu
peristiwa yang tidak pasti, atau untuk memberikan suatu pembayaran yang
didasarkan atas meninggal atau hidupnya seseorang yang dipertanggungkan.<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn13" name="_ftnref13" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn13;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[13]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Jadi, konsep asuransi konvensional adalah sautu
konsep untuk mengurangi risiko individu atau institusi (tertanggung) kepada
perusahaan asuransi (penanggung) melalui suatu perjanjian (kontrak).
Tertanggung membayar sejumlah uang sebagai tanda perikatan dan penanggung
berjanji membayar ganti rugi sekiranya terjadi suatu peristiwa sebagaimana yang
diperjanjikan dalam kontrak asuransi (polis).<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn14" name="_ftnref14" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn14;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[14]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Konsep asuransi syari’ah berbeda dengan konsep
asuransi konvensional. Dengan <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>perbedaan
konsep ini, tentunya akan memengaruhi operasionalnya yang dilaksanakan akan
berbeda satu dengan lainnya. Berikut adalah perbedaan antara asuransi syari’ah
dengan asuransi konvensional yaitu:</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: .25in; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
 <tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
  <td style="border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.5pt;" valign="top" width="34">
  <div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">No</span></b></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 96.95pt;" valign="top" width="129">
  <div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Prinsip</span></b></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 141.4pt;" valign="top" width="189">
  <div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi
  Konvensional</span></b></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-left: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 120.45pt;" valign="top" width="161">
  <div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asuransi
  Syari’ah</span></b></div>
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<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
  <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.5pt;" valign="top" width="34">
  <div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">1</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 96.95pt;" valign="top" width="129">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Konsep</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 141.4pt;" valign="top" width="189">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Perjanjian antara dua belah pihak <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>atau lebih, dimana pihak penanggung
  mengikatkan diri kepada tertanggung, dengan menerima premi asuransi untuk
  memberikan pergantian kepada tertanggung</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 120.45pt;" valign="top" width="161">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sekumpulan orang yang saling membantu,
  saling menjamin, dan bekerja sama dengan cara saling masing-masing
  mengeluarkan dana <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">tabarru’</i></span></div>
</td>
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<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
  <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.5pt;" valign="top" width="34">
  <div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">2</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 96.95pt;" valign="top" width="129">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Asal usul</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 141.4pt;" valign="top" width="189">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dari masyarakat Babilonia 4000-3000 SM
  yang dikenal dengan perjanjian Hummurabi dan tahun 1668 M di Coffi House
  London berdirilah Lioyd of London sebagai cikal bakal asuransi konvensional</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 120.45pt;" valign="top" width="161">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dari AL-Aqidah, kebiasaan suku Arab
  jauh sebelum islam datang. Kemudian disahkan oleh Rasulullah menjadi hukum
  Islam, bahkan telah tertuan dalam konstitusi pertama di dunia </span></div>
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 </tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
  <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.5pt;" valign="top" width="34">
  <div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">3</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 96.95pt;" valign="top" width="129">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sumber hukum</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 141.4pt;" valign="top" width="189">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bersumber dari pikiran manusia dan
  kebudayaan. Berdasarkan hukum positif, hukum alam, dan contoh sebelumnya</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 120.45pt;" valign="top" width="161">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bersumber dari wahyu Illahi. Sumber
  hukum dalam syari’ah Islam adalah Al-Qur’an, sunnah atau kebiasaan Rasul, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ijma’</i>, fatwa sahabat, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Qiyas</i>, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">istihsan</i>, ‘<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">urf</i> tradisi,
  dan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">mashalih mursalah.</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
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 </tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
  <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.5pt;" valign="top" width="34">
  <div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">4</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 96.95pt;" valign="top" width="129">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Akad</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 141.4pt;" valign="top" width="189">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Akad jual beli (akat <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">mu’awadhah, </i>akad <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">idz’aan, </i>akad <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">ghara, </i>dan
  akad <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">mulzim).</i></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 120.45pt;" valign="top" width="161">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Akad <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">tabarru’ </i>dan akad <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>tijaroh (mudharabah, wakalah, wadiah,
  syirkah, </i>dan sebagainya.</span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
  <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.5pt;" valign="top" width="34">
  <div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">5</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 96.95pt;" valign="top" width="129">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pengelolaan dana</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 141.4pt;" valign="top" width="189">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tidak ada pemisahan dana, yang
  berakibatkan pada terjadinya dana hangus (untuk produk <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">saving life)</i></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 120.45pt;" valign="top" width="161">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pada produk-produk <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">saving life</i> terjadi pemisahan dana,
  yaitu dana <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">tabarru’</i> derma dan dana
  peserta, sehingga tidak mengenal <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>istilah dana hangus. Sedangkan untuk term <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">insurance (life)</i> dan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">general insurance </i>semuanya bersifat <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">tabarru’.</i></span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
  <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.5pt;" valign="top" width="34">
  <div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">6</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 96.95pt;" valign="top" width="129">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Investasi</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 141.4pt;" valign="top" width="189">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bebas melakukan investasi dalam
  batas-batas ketentuan perundang-undangan<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> 
  </span>dan tidak terbatas pada halal dan haramnya objek atau sistem investasi
  yang digunakan</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 120.45pt;" valign="top" width="161">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dapat melakukan investasi sesuai
  ketentuan perundang-undangan, sepanjang tidak bertentangan dengan prinsip-prinsip<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>syari’ah Islam. Bebas dari riba dan
  tempat-tempat investasi terlarang.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</td>
 </tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
  <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.5pt;" valign="top" width="34">
  <div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">7</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 96.95pt;" valign="top" width="129">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kepemilikan dana</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 141.4pt;" valign="top" width="189">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dana yang terkumpul dari premi peserta
  seluruhnya menjadi milik perusahaan <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>bebas menggunakan dan menginvestasikan
  kemana <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">insurance</i></span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 120.45pt;" valign="top" width="161">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dana yang terkumpul dari peserta dalam
  bentuk iuran atau kontribus, merupakan milik peserta (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">shahibul mal)</i>, asuransi syari’ah hanya sebagai pemegang amanah (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">mudharib)</i> dalam mengelola dana
  tersebut.</span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 8; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
  <td style="border-top: none; border: solid black 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 25.5pt;" valign="top" width="34">
  <div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">8</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 96.95pt;" valign="top" width="129">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Misi dan visi</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 141.4pt;" valign="top" width="189">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Secara garis besar misi utama dari
  asuransi konvensional adalah misi ekonomi dan visi sosial</span></div>
</td>
  <td style="border-bottom: solid black 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid black 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: text1; mso-border-left-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: text1; mso-border-right-themecolor: text1; mso-border-themecolor: text1; mso-border-top-alt: solid black .5pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: text1; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 120.45pt;" valign="top" width="161">
  <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Misi yang diemban asuransi syari’ah
  adalah misi akidah, misi ibadah, misi ekonomi dan misi pemberdayaan umat.</span></div>
</td>
 </tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn15" name="_ftnref15" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn15;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[15]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<br /></div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span></b>

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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">DAFTAR PUSTAKA</span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Abdul Azis Dahlan, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">et al, </i>ed. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ensklopedia Hukum Islam, </i>Cet. 4, (Jakarta:
Ichtiar Baru van Hoeve, 2000).</span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Muhaimin Iqbal, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Asuransi Umum Syari’ah Dalam Praktik: Upaya Menghilangkan Gharar,
Maisir dan Riba, </i>(Jakarta: Gema Insani, 2006).</span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Muhammad Syakir Sula, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Asuransi Syari’ah (Life and General): Konsep
dan Sistem Operasional, </i>(Jakarta: Gema Insani Press, 2004).</span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="height: 2px; left: 0px; margin-left: -3px; margin-top: 15px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 184px; z-index: 251658240;"><img height="2" src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CCOM1%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image001.gif" width="184" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">                                        </span>, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Konsep dan Eksistensi Bisnis Asuransi Syari’ah
di Indonesia, </i>(Jakarta: AAMAI, 2003).</span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span style="height: 2px; left: 0px; margin-left: 1px; margin-top: 15px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 184px; z-index: 251659264;"><img height="2" src="file:///C:%5CDOCUME%7E1%5CCOM1%7E1%5CLOCALS%7E1%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_image002.gif" width="184" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">                   </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">                      </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Prinsip-prinsip
dan Sistem Operasional Takaful Serta Perbedaanya Dengan Asuransi Konvensional, </i>(Jakarta:
AAMAI, 2002).</span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 2
Tahun 1992, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tentang Usaha Perasuransian</i>,
(DAI, Edisi Juli 2003).</span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Wirdyaningsih, Karnaen Perwataatmadja,
dkk, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Bank dan Asuransi Islam<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>di Indonesia, </i>(Jakarta: Kencana, 2005).</span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<br /></div>
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<div style="mso-element: footnote-list;">
<br clear="all" />

<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[1]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Wirdyaningsih, Karnaen
Perwataatmadja, dkk, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Bank dan Asuransi
Islam<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>di Indonesia, </i>(Jakarta:
Kencana, 2005), hal. v.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;">

<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[3]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Abdul Azis Dahlan, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">et al, </i>ed. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ensklopedia Hukum Islam, </i>Cet.
4, (Jakarta: Ichtiar Baru van Hoeve, 2000), hal. 138.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn4" style="mso-element: footnote;">

<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref6" name="_ftn6" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[6]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Muhaimin Iqbal, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Asuransi Umum Syari’ah Dalam Praktik: Upaya
Menghilangkan Gharar, Maisir dan Riba, </i>(Jakarta: Gema Insani, 2006), hal.
2.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn7" style="mso-element: footnote;">

<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref10" name="_ftn10" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn10;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[10]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Muhammad Syakir Sula, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Konsep dan Eksistensi Bisnis Asuransi Syari’ah
di Indonesia, </i>(Jakarta: AAMAI, 2003), hal. 8.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn11" style="mso-element: footnote;">

<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref11" name="_ftn11" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn11;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[11]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Muhammad Syakir Sula, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Prinsip-prinsip dan Sistem Operasional
Takaful Serta Perbedaanya Dengan Asuransi Konvensional, </i>(Jakarta: AAMAI,
2002), hal. 7-8.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn12" style="mso-element: footnote;">

<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref13" name="_ftn13" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn13;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[13]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Undang-undang Republik
Indonesia Nomor 2 Tahun 1992, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tentang
Usaha Perasuransian</i>, (DAI, Edisi Juli 2003), hal. 2.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn14" style="mso-element: footnote;">

<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref14" name="_ftn14" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn14;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[14]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Muhammad Syakir Sula, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Asuransi Syari’ah (Life and General): Konsep
dan Sistem Operasional, </i>(Jakarta: Gema Insani Press, 2004), hal. 293-295.</span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn15" style="mso-element: footnote;">

BAB I PERBEDAAN ASURANSI SYARI’AH DENGAN ASURANSI KONVENSIONAL

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20 Nov 2013

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