MUHAMMAD IBNU SOIM: Cinta Lingkungan

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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">BAB I</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PENDAHULUAN</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Lingkungan atau lingkungan hidup menurut
Undang-Undang <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 pasal
1 ayat 1 diartikan sebagai kesatuan ruang dengan semua benda, daya, keadaan,
dan makhuluk hidup, termasuk manusia dan perilakunya, yang mempengaruhi
kelangsungan perikehidupan dan kesejahteraan manusia serta makhluk hidup <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>lain. </span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Adapun pengertian pengelolaan lingkungan
hidup<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>adalah upaya terpadu untuk
melestarikan fungsi lingkungan hidup yang meliputi kebijaksanaan, pemeliharaan,
pemanfaatan, pengembangan, pemeliharaan, pemulihan, pengawasan dan pengendalian
lingkungan hidup. Dari latar belakang diatas, maka disini penulis akan membahas
makalah yang berjudul tentang pemecahan masalah pencemaran lingkungan secara
ringkas agar mudah untuk dipahami dan dimengerti.</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">BAB II </span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PEMBAHASAN</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PEMECAHAN MASALAH PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">A.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">KERUSAKAN
DAN PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Manusia adalah makhluk hidup yang <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>berperan besar dalam memengaruhi atau
menyebabkan perubahan lingkungan. Hal ini disebabkan karena manusia dianugerahi
akal, budi, dan pikiran untuk mengupayakan berbagai kegiatan dalam pemenuhan kebutuhannya.
Menurut para ahli Antropologi (ilmu yang mempelajari tentang manusia dan
kebudayaanya), diawal kehidupan manusia dimuka bumi atau dimasa prasejarah,
mereka hidup berkelompok dan tidak menetap. Manusia pada masa itu mengumpulkan buah-buahan,
umbi-umbian, menangkap ikan disungai-sungai, dan berburu di hutan sebagai
pencahariannya.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Apa yang anda ketahui tentang pencemaran dan
kerusakan lingkungan? Berikut ini penjelasan<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> 
</span>pengertian dari kerusakan lingkungan dan pencemaran lingkungan.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerusakan</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kerusakan
lingkungan hidup adalah suatu kondisi dimana terjadi kerusakan ekosistem atau
sumber daya hayati dan nonhayati seperti ari, udara, dan tanah. Kerusakan
lingkungan terjadi karena adanya perilaku atau kegiatan yang mengakibatkan
perubahan, lagnsung atau tidak langsung, sehingga lingkungan tidak dapat
berfungsi lagi dengan baik dalam menunjang pembangunan berkelanjutan dan
berwawasan lingkungan.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dengan demikian,
suatu kondisi alam rusak atau hancur dan sumber daya alam menipis atau langka,
maka lingkungan sedang rusak atau mengalami kerusakan. Contoh kerusakan
lingkungan karen ulah penebangan dan pembakaran hutan, dan lahan kritis. Suatu
lingkungan mengalami kerusakan akibat faktor alam pula seperti petir, badai,
tanah longsor, gempa bumi, angin puyuh, musim kering berkepanjangan dan
sejenisnya.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pencemaran
lingkungan</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pencemaran
lingkungan atau polusi, yaitu masuk atau dimasukkannya makhluk hidup, zat,
energi atau komponen lain kedalam suatu lingkungan dan/atau berubahnya tata
lingkungan akibat kegiatan manusia atau oleh proses alam yang mengakibatkan
penurunan kualitas lingkungan sehingga tidak dapat berfungsi sebagaimana
mestinya.</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">B.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">JENIS-JENIS
KERUSAKAN DAN PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Jenis-jenis
kerusakan dan pencemaran lingkungan</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Jenis-jenis
kerusakan lingkungan</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menurut
penyebabnya, kerusakan lingkungan dapat terjadi akibat peristiwa (bencana) alam
dan/atau faktor manusia. Gempa bumi merupakan peristiwa bergesernya lempengan
(kerak) bumi diantara daratan maupun dasar laut yang merambat kepermukaan bumi.
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Gempa bumi disebabkan oleh aktivits
gunung berapi atau vulkanik (disebut dengan gempa bumi vulkanik) maupun
aktivitas tektonik sepanjang jalur-jalur rawan bencana disebut gempa tektonik.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Gempa
bumi yang berpusat tidak jauh dari kota atau pusat permukiman penduduk akan
mengakibatkan kerusakan besar seperti:</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Hentakan
gempa yang besar dapat mengakibatkan tanah longsor, bangunan roboh dan rusak</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Merusak
bangunan waduk/tanggul, sehingga air meluap dan banjir besar</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyebabkan
kebakaran karena rusaknya instalasi bangunan</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tanah,
jalan raya, atau jembatan merekah atau ambruk</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memakan
korban jiwa makhluk hidup karena tertimpa reruntuhan atua tersapu oleh
gelombang tsunami.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Jenis-jenis
pencemaran lingkungan</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pencemaran
lingkungan atau polusi adalah proses masuk atau dimasukkannya makhluk hidup,
zat, energi atau komponen lain ke dalam suatu lingkungan dan/atau berubahnya
tata lingkungan akibat kegiatan manusia atau oleh proses alam yang
mengakibatkan <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>penurunan kualitas
lingkungan sehingga tidak dapat berfungsi sebagaimana mestinya. </span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Unsur
atau zat yang mengakibatkan pencemaran dinamakan polusi. Suatu zat atau unsur
menjadi polutan apabila jumlahnya melebihi batas normal bersifat
merusak/mematikan, serta berada ditempat dan waktu yang tidak seharusnya.
Berikut jenis-jenis pencemaran lingkungan sebagai berikut:</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pencemaran
atau polusi udara</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Gas
karbon monoksida (CO)</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Gas
karbon dioksida (CO<sub>2</sub>)</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Clorofluorocarbon
(CFC<sub>s</sub>) atau halocarbon</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Partikel
sulfur oksida (SO<sub>2</sub>)</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">f)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Oksida-oksida
nitrogen (campuran NO dan NO<sub>2</sub>)</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">g)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Timbel
(Pb)</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">h)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Partikel-partikel.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pencemaran
air</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Air merupakan
salah satu zat atau unsur terpenting bagi kehidupan dan makhluk hidup. Dapatkah
anda bayangkan seandainya bumi ini tidak ada air? Ketiadaan air kemungkinan
menyebabkan tidak adanya kehidupan seperti ini. Air mutlak dibutuhkan manusia
dan makhluk hidup lain untuk melangsungkan hidupnya. Dalam kehidupan
sehari-hari, manusia sangat memerlukan air untuk berbagai kebutuhan rumah
tangga, pertanian, transportasi, serta rekreasi. Tak hanya itu, industri juga
membutuhkan air sebagai bahan pengolah, pendingin, atau pembangkti tenaga.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Air dikatakan
tercemar atau dapat diperhatikan dari ciri fisik daqn kimianya sebagai berikut:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ciri
fisik, seperti warna, bau, suhu dan genangan tidak larut (seperti minyak atau
oli)</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Ciri
kimia, seperti kandungan kimia (non-organik) maupun kandungan organik.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pencemaran air
disebabkan oleh beberapa hal sebagai berikut dibawah ini:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pembuangan
sampah domestik, seperti plastik bekas, alumunium, botol, kaleng, karet dan
lain sebagainya</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Penurunan
kadar oksigen akibat proses pebusukan sampah organik didalam air. Hal ini
mengganggu aktivits dan kelangsungan hidup berbagai organisme air.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pencemaran
tanah</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Selain udara dan
air, tanah juga merupakan komponen terpenting dalam menunjang kehidupan makhluk
hidup dimuka bumi ini. Lantas, apa yang dimaksud dengan tanah? Menurut peraturan
Pemerintah RI No. 150 tahun 2000 tentang Pengendalian Kerusakan Tanah untuk
produksi bio massa, tanah diartikan sebagai salah satu komponen lahan berupa
lapisan teratas kerak bumi yang terdiri dari bahan mineral dan organik,
mempunyai sifat fisik, kimia, biologi, serta mempunyai kemampuan menunjang
kehidupan manusia dan makhluk hidup lainnya.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tanah sangat
berarti bagi makhluk hidup, terutama tumbuhan sangat bergantung pada tanah. Hal
ini disebabkan karena tanah merupakan tempat makhluk hidup melakukan
aktivitasnya dan tempat bagi tumbuhan untuk tumbuh. Seperti kita ketahui bahwa
rantai makanan paling dasar dimulai dari pertumbuhan hijau.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Suatu polutan
yang telah mencemari tanah dapat menguap, masuk kedalam tanah, atau terbawa
aliran air. Secara tidak langsung, zat beracun yang<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>mencemari tanah tersebut dapat mencemari air
tanah maupun udara diatasnya. Sumber pencemaran tanah berasal dari beberapa hal
sebagai berikut:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Akibat
limbah domestik</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Bentuk
limbah domestik yang dijumpai adlaah limbah domestik padat atau cair sebagai
berikut:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Limbah
domsetik padat, adalah jenis sampah non organik yang tidak dapat diurai oleh
mikroorganisme contohnya kantong plastik, kaleng, botol, aneka logam berat dan
sejenisnya</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo10; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Limbah
domestik cair, yaitu jenis limbah yan dapat meresap masuk kedalam pori-pori
tanah. Apabila limbah cir ini meresap masuk kedalam tanah maka kandungan air
tanah dapat rusak dan membunuh mikroorganisme. Contohnya tinja, deterjen, oli,
cat, dan sejenisnya.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Akibat
limbah industri </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Limbah
industri padat merupakan hasil buangan industri yang berbentuk padat, lumpur,
atau bubur yang berasal dari proses pengolahan. Contoh sisa pengolahan pabrik
gula, pulp, kertas, rayon, pengawetan <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>buah, ikan dan daging serta jenis limbah
industri padat lainnya</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Limbah
industri cair merupakan hasil pengolahan dalam suatu proses produksi. Contohnya
sisa pengolahan industri dari pelapisan logam dan aneka industri kimia.
Unsur-unsur seperti tembaga, timbel, perak, krom, arsen, dan boron dihasilkan
dari proses industri pelapisan logam</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo9; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Akibat
limbah pertanian </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo12; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Limbah
pertanian merupakan hasil dari sisa pupuk sintetik yang digunakan untuk
menyuburkan tanah atau tanaman (misalnya pupuk urea)</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 1.0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo12; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Insektisida
dan pestisida yang digunakan untuk memberantas hama/penyakit tanaman.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pencemaran
suara</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pencemaran suara
atau polusi suara adalah gangguan pada lingkungan <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>yang disebabkan oleh bunyi atau suara sehingga
mengakibatkna kondisi yang tidak tenang dan tentram bagi makhluk hidup
disekitarnya. Kemampuan untuk mendengar dalah kemampuan untuk mendeteksi
gerakan mekanis yang kita sebut dengan bunyi. </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Satuan pengukur
kuat atau lemahnya bunyi suara adalah<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">
desible </i>(Db). Sebagai contoh kekuatan dari percakapan <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>normal adalah 40 Db. Jika semua ini meningkat
secara berkala, maka dapat menimbulkan perubahan respons psikis dan fisiologis
pada makhluk hidup. Polusi suara sering terjadi dikota-kota besar atau kawasan
industri, pusat perbelanjaan/hiburan, dan tempat umum lainnya.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">C.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">SUMBER
DAN PARAMETER PENCEMARAN</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sumber Pencemaran Lingkungan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sumber
pencemaran lingkungan berasal dari berbagai hal, dair manapun dan kapanpun.
Polutan atua sumber pencemaran lingkungan datang<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>dan memasuki udara, air dan tanah dengan
berbagai cara dan media. Sumber utama yang menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan
tersebut adalah <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>hasil pembakaran
kendaraan bermotor, limbah rumah tangga, limbah dan asap industri, limbah
pertanian dan pembakaran sampah.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo13; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Parameter Pencemaran Lingkungan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Beberapa
parameter digunakan untuk mengidentifikasikan terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan
atau tidak, serta mengetahui <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>tingkat
pencemaran itu. Parameter-parameter yang digunakan sebagai indikator pencemaran
lingkunan antara lain sebagai berikut:</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Parameter
kimia</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Parameter
kimia meliputi CO<sub>2</sub>, Ph, Alkalinitas, Fosfor, dan kadar logam berat.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo14; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Parameter
biokimia</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Parameter
biokimia meliputi BOD, yiatu jumlah oksigen yang terkandung atau terlarut
didalam air. Cara pengukuran BOD ialah dengan menyimpan sampel air yang telah
diktahui kandungan oksigennya selama 5 hari dan kemudian diukur kembali
kandungan oksigennya.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo14; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Parameter
fisik</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Parameter
fisik meliputi temperatur, warna, rasa, bau, kejernihan/kekeruhan, dan
kandungan bahan radioaktif</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo14; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Parameter
biologi</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Parameter
biologi meliputi ada atau tidaknya bahan organik/mikro organisme, seperti
bakteri coli, virus, bentos, dan plankton. Organisme yang peka akan mati
dilingkungan air yang tercemar.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">D.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">DAMPAK
PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pencemaran lingkungan tentu memberikan dampak
negatif dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan. Berikut ini merupakan dampak pencemaran
lingkungan sebagai berikut:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo15; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengancam
keberadaan spesies makhluk hidup</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo15; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengganggu
keseimbangan lingkungan </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo15; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Meningkatkan
populasi hama</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo15; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengurangi
kesuburan tanah</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo15; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menyebabkan
keracunan, penyakit, dan kematian</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo15; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengurangi
lapisan ozon dan mengakibatkan efek rumah kaca</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">E.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">ALTERNATIF
PENANGANAN PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Secara umum, berikut ini akan dijelaskan mengenai
upaya pencegahan atas pencemaran lingkungan sebagai berikut:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo16; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengatur
sistem pembuangan limbah industri sehingga tidak mencermati lingkungan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo16; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menempatkan
industri/pabrik terpisah dari kawasan permukiman penduduk</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo16; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Melakukan
pengawasan atas penggunaan beberapa jenis pestisida, insektisida, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>dan bahan kimia lain yang berpotensi menjadi
penyebab dari pencemaran lingkungan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo16; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Melakukan
penghijauan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo16; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Memberikan
sanksi atau hukuman secara tegas terhadap pelaku kegiatan yang mencemari
lingkungan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 200%; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo16; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     
</span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Melakukan
penyuluhan <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>dan pendidikan lingkungan
untuk menumbuhkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang arti dan manfaat lingkungan
hidup yang sesungguhnya.</span></div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span></b>

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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">DAFTAR PUSTAKA</span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Muhammad Abas, Endang Hanis,
Zainal Arifin, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Pendidikan Lingkungan
Hidup, </i>(Jakarta: Erlangga, 2010).</span></div>
</div>

BAB I PEMECAHAN MASALAH PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN

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