MUHAMMAD IBNU SOIM: Fiqih Munakahat II

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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">BAB I</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PENDAHULUAN</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pernikahan adalah suatu yang diharapkan
oleh setiap Muslim yang ada di dunia ini. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dengan pernikahan kita semua bisa mendapatkan
apa saja yang kita inginkan, dari keluarga yang <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">mawadah, sakinah </i>dan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">warahmah.</i>
Dan mendapatkan kasih sayang dari orang yang kita cintai bisa membangun
keluarga yang diinginkan bersama.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dengan adanya keluarga tersebut tidak
terlepas juga dengan keinginan untuk mendapatkan keturunan, dengan adanya
keturunan maka keluarga tersebut akan terasa lengkap bisa menjadi seorang ayah
dan seorang ibu. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dengan adanya keturunan
juga harus bisa diatur agar tidak menjadikan banyak keturunan tetapi tidak bisa
menafkahi seluruh anak-anaknya. </span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Maka daripada itu, dibutuhkan adanya
Keluarga Berencana atau yang sering disebut dengan KB. KB diperlukan guna
mengatur dan merawat keluarga agar tidak banyak anak dan tidak banyak
kemiskinan yang ada di Indonesia ini. Dengan demikian, maka disini penulis
membuat sebuah makalah yang berjudul tentang Keluarga Berencana (KB) agar mudah
untuk dimengerti dan dipahami bersama.</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">BAB II</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PEMBAHASAN</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">KELUARGA BERENCANA (KB)</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">A.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">DEFINISI
KELUARGA BERENCANA (KB)</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Maksud keluarga dalam keluarga berencana adalah
suatu kesatuan sosial terkecil dalam masyarakat yang diikat oleh tali
perkawinan yang sah. Jadi, keluarga disini adalah keluarga tersebut.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[1]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Keluarga Berencana (KB) adalah suatu ikhtiar atau
usaha manusia untuk mengatur kehamilan dalam keluarga serta tidak melawan
negara dan hukum moral Pancasila demi mendapatkan kesejahteraan keluarga
khususnya dan kesejahteraan bangsa pada umumnya.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[2]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sedangkan menurut Suyadmi dalam Kamus Lengkap Bahasa
Indonesia (tt) mengartikan (KB) adalah keluarga berencana.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[3]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dari definisi diatas mengenai keluarga berencana,
maka disini penulis dapat menyimpulkan bahwa Keluarga Berencana (KB) adalah suatu
tindakan yang dilakukan oleh keluarga yang sudah resmi menjadi suami istri untuk
menjaga, mengatur keturunan sesuai dengan keinginan yang tidak melanggar oleh
peraturan Agama dan Negara.</span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">B.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">ALAT
KONTRASEPSI</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Alat kontrasepsi adalah alat untuk mencegah atau
mengatur <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>terjadinya kehamilan.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[4]</span></span></span></span></a> </span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Alat-alat
kontrasepsi ditinjau dari segi fungsinya dapat dibagi menjadi tiga macam diantaranya
adalah sebagai berikut:</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mencegah
terjadinya ovulasi</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Melumpuhkan
sperma</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menghalangi
pertemuan antara sel telur dengan sperma.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn5" name="_ftnref5" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[5]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dari segi metode, kontrasepsi dibagi menjadi dua bagian
besar yaitu sebagai berikut:</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Cara
kontrasepsi sederhana</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tanpa
memakai alat atau obat, yang disebut dengan cara tradisional yaitu:</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Senggama
terputus</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pantang
berkala</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menggunakan
alat atau obat, yaitu:</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kondom</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Diafragma
atau cap</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Cream,
jelly dan cairan berbusa</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tablet
berbusa <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">(Vaginal tablet)</i>.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kontrasepsi
dengan metode efektif</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tidak
permanen</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pil
</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">IUD
(<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Intra Uterine Device)</i></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Suntikan
</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Permanen
</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tubektomi
(sterilisasi untuk wanita)</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Vasektomi
(sterilisasi untuk pria)</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Cara
Keluarga Berencana lainnya yang dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan kehamilan
diantaranya:</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Abortus
</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Induksi
haid (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">menstrual regulation)</i>.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn6" name="_ftnref6" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[6]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Senggama
terputus disebut pula dengan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">inzal </i>dan
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">coitus interuptus, </i>artinya menarik
zakar (kemaluan laki-laki) sebelum terjadinya pancaran sperma, berarti senggama
tidak lengkap atau terputus.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn7" name="_ftnref7" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn7;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[7]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pantang berkala
yaitu menyetubuhi wanita pada saat-saat tertentu. Menurut George Drysdale
(pelopor gerakan KB di Amerika Serikat), masa tidak subur adalah antara dua
tiga hari sebelum haid hingga delapan hari setelah haid. Kemudian pada tahun
1930 diadakan penelitian oleh Kyusaku Ogino dan Herman Knauss. Menurut Ogino
Ovulasi terjadi antara 12 sampai dengan 16 hari sebelum haid, sedangkan menurut
Knauss ovulasi terjadi 15 hari sebelum haid.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Kondom merupakan
sarung karet atau kantong karet yang menutupi kemaluan laki-laki pada waktu
bersetubuh untuk mencegah sperma masuk ke dalam vagina. Alat ini disebut dengan
kondom karena penemunya bernama Condom, yaitu dokter pribadi Raja Charles II
dari Prancis.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn8" name="_ftnref8" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn8;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[8]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Diafragma dan
cap menutupi cervik (mulut rahim)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>dari
bawah sehingga sel mani tidak dapat memasuki saluran servix, biasanya digunakan
bersamaan dengan spermatiside. Penemu alat ini adalah Mansinga berasal dari
Flensburg. Alat ini disebut dengan cap (topi) sebab bentuknya seperti topi
Belanda.</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Tablet berbusa
yaitu <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">spermaticide </i>yang berbentuk
tablet berbusa. Alat ini hanya digunakan untuk memasukan ke dalam vagina.
Tabung ditutup kembali setelah diambil sebuah tablet. Tablet yang sudah hancur
atau terlihat noda-noda kuning tidak dapat digunakan. Persetubuhan baru
dibolehkan setelah kira-kira lima menit tablet dimasukan. Bila persetubuhan
satu jam belum dimulai, hendaknya ditambah satu tablet lagi.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn9" name="_ftnref9" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn9;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[9]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Pil adalah
campuran <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">progesteron</i> dan <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">estrogen</i> buatan yang mempunyai pengaruh
antara lain mencegah pengeluaran hormon dari kelenjar <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Vituitaria</i> yang perlu untuk ovulasi, juga dapat menyebabkan
perubahan pada endometrium dan menambah kekentalan lendir servix sehingga
menjadi lebih pekat dan tidak mudah ditembus oleh <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">progesteron.</i> Pil ini pertama kali ditemukan oleh Greogory Pincus
dari Amerika Serikat.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn10" name="_ftnref10" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn10;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[10]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Intra uterina Device</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"> (IUD) adalah alat kontrasepsi yang dipasang pada
rahmi wanita untuk mencegah kehamilan. Alat ini diciptakan oleh Margulis dari
Mount Sinai Hospital di New York <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>City
yang berbentuk spiral, tahun 1960.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn11" name="_ftnref11" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn11;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[11]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sterilisasi
dilakukan di Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1987 untuk mencegah keturunan
orang-orang dengan cacat bawaan oleh kelalaian genetik atas<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>indikasi medis, kemudian dilakukan untuk
membatasi kelahiran dalam rangka melaksanakan program keluarga berencana (KB)
dan kependudukan.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn12" name="_ftnref12" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn12;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[12]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">C.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PENDAPAT
ULAMA’ TENTANG STERILISASI</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Keluarga Berencana (KB) dilakukan dalam rangka
menyejahterakan bangsa (rakyat), sedangkan masyarakat Indonesia menganut
berbagai macam agama dan adat. Maka, untuk melaksanakan KB perlu
dipertimbangkan antara adat yang dianut oleh masyarakat beserta agama yang
dianutnya. </span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Para ulama’ menanggapi masalah tentang sterilisasi
ini sebagai berikut seperti dibawah ini:</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mahmud
Syaltut dalam bukunya <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Fatwa-fatwa </i>jilid
II berpendapat bahwa pembatasan kelahiran secara mutlak ditentang oleh siapapun
apalagi oleh suatu bangsa yang mempertahankan kehidupan dan kelangsungannya
dengan rencana-rencana produksi yang dapat menciptakan kesejahteraan
masyarakatnya serta dapat menyaingi bangsa-bangsa lain.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn13" name="_ftnref13" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn13;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[13]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Abu
al-‘Ala al-Maududi yang dikutip oleh Kafrawi dalam bukunya “KB:<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ditinjau dari segi Agama-agama Besar di
Dunia”</i>mengatakan bahwa agama Islam adalah agama yang berjalan sesuai dengan
fitrah manusia.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn14" name="_ftnref14" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn14;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[14]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo11; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Masyfuk
Zuhdi, dalam bukunya <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Islam dan Keluarga
Berencana di Indonesia, </i>berpendapat bahwa Islam tidak membenarkan sterilisasi
dijadikan alat kontrasepsi, karena terdapat berbagai hal yang prinsipil
diantaranya:</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo12; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sterilisasi
berakibat pemandulan tetap, hal ini bertentangan dengan tujuan perkawinan dalam
Islam yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kebahagiaan dan mendapatkan keturunan</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo12; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Mengubah
ciptaan Tuhan dan memotong sebagian tubuh yang sehat dan berfungsi</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo12; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Melihat
aurat orang lain karena pada prinsipnya Islam melarang melihat aurat orang lain
meskipun jenis kelaminnya sama.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn15" name="_ftnref15" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn15;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[15]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Karena sterilisasi hukumnya
haram, maka metode sterilisasi dalam program KB di Indonesia tidak dimasukan
dalam kebijakan Pemerintah walaupun itu hanya bersifat atas pertimbangan medis,
sebagaimana ditegaskan oleh hasil keputusan Musyawarah Nasional Ulama’, tanggal
17 Oktober 1983 di Jakarta, bahwa melakukan vasektomi (memotong saluran benih
pria) dan tubektomi (memotong saluran telur) bertentangan dengan ajaran Islam,
kecuali dalam keadaan darurat.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn16" name="_ftnref16" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn16;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[16]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">D.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">PENDAPAT
ULAMA’ TENTANG ABORTUS</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Maksud dari Abortus menurut Sardikin Ginaputra
adalah pengakhiran kehamilan <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>atau hasil
kontrasepsi sebelum janin <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>dapat hidup
diluar kandungan.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn17" name="_ftnref17" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn17;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[17]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Menurut pengarang buku <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Indonesia: Keluarga Berencana Ditinjau dari Hukum Islam, </i>yang
dimaksud dengan abortus adalah berakhirnya kehamilan sebelum kehamilan berumur
28 minggu.<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn18" name="_ftnref18" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn18;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[18]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Metode yang digunakan dalam melakukan abortus
diantaranya adalah sebagai berikut:</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Curratage </span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">dan
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dilatage</i> (C & D)</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo13; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dengan
alat khusus, mulut rahim dilebarkan, kemudian janin dikiret dengan alat seperti
sendok kecil</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo13; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Aspirasi,
yaitu penyedotan isi rahim <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>dengan pompa
kecil</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo13; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Hysterotomi</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">
(melalui operasi).<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftn19" name="_ftnref19" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn19;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[19]</span></span></span></span></a></span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Adapun
pengguguran/aborsi boleh dilakukan bila dalam keadaan benar-benar terpaksa demi
menyelamatkan dan melindungi ibu, sesuai dengan kaidah yang artiya “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mengerjakan yang lebih ringan dari dua hal
yang berbahaya adalah wajib”.</i></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span></b>

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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">BAB III</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">KESIMPULAN</span></b></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Dari pembahasan makalah diatas, maka
dapat kami<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>simpulkan bahwa Keluarga
Berencana (KB) adalah suatu ikhtiar atau usaha manusia untuk mengatur kehamilan
dalam keluarga serta tidak melawan negara dan hukum moral Pancasila demi
mendapatkan kesejahteraan keluarga khususnya dan kesejahteraan bangsa pada
umumnya.</span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">Sterilisasi hukumnya haram, maka metode
sterilisasi dalam program KB di Indonesia tidak dimasukan dalam kebijakan
Pemerintah walaupun itu hanya bersifat atas pertimbangan medis, sebagaimana
ditegaskan oleh hasil keputusan Musyawarah Nasional Ulama’, tanggal 17 Oktober
1983 di Jakarta, bahwa melakukan vasektomi (memotong saluran benih pria) dan
tubektomi (memotong saluran telur) bertentangan dengan ajaran Islam, kecuali
dalam keadaan darurat.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span></b>

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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">DAFTAR PUSTAKA</span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Hendi Suhendi, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Fiqih Muamalah, </i>(Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2013).</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Kafrawi, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">KB Ditinjau dari Segi Agama-Agama Besar di Dunia,</i>(Jakarta: t.p,
tt).</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Mahmud Syaltut, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Fatwa-fatwa,</i> (Jakarta: Bulan Bintang, tt).</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin-left: .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;">
<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Masyfuk Zuhdi, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Islam dan Keluarga Berencana di Indonesia, </i>(Surabaya: Bina Ilmu,
1988).</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Rahmat Rosyadi, dkk, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Indonesia: Keluarga Berencana Ditinjau dari
Hukum Islam, </i>(Bandung: Pustaka Setia, 1986).</span></div>
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<span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Suyadmi, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Kamus Lengkap Bahasa Indonesia, </i>(Malang: CV. Tidar Ilmu, tt).</span></div>
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<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[1]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Masyfuk Zuhdi, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Islam dan Keluarga Berencana di Indonesia, </i>(Surabaya:
Bina Ilmu, 1988), hal. 50.</span></div>
</div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[2]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Rahmat Rosyadi, dkk, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Indonesia: Keluarga Berencana Ditinjau dari
Hukum Islam, </i>(Bandung: Pustaka Setia, 1986), hal. 12.</span></div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[3]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Suyadmi, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Kamus Lengkap Bahasa Indonesia, </i>(Malang:
CV. Tidar Ilmu, tt), hal. 258.</span></div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[4]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Hendi Suhendi, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Fiqih Muamalah, </i>(Jakarta: Raja Grafindo
Persada, 2013), hal. 325.</span></div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref13" name="_ftn13" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn13;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[13]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Mahmud Syaltut, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Fatwa-fatwa,</i> (Jakarta: Bulan Bintang,
tt), hal. 53.</span></div>
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<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref14" name="_ftn14" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn14;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[14]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Kafrawi, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">KB Ditinjau dari Segi Agama-Agama Besar di
Dunia,</i>(Jakarta: t.p, tt), hal. 129.</span></div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref15" name="_ftn15" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn15;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[15]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Masyfuk Zuhdi, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Op Cit.</i></span></div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref16" name="_ftn16" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn16;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[16]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Hendi Suhendi, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Op Cit, </i>hal. 331.</span></div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref17" name="_ftn17" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn17;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[17]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Masyfuk Zuhdi, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Op Cit, </i>hal. 74.</span></div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref18" name="_ftn18" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn18;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[18]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Rahmat Rosyadi, dkk, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Op Cit, </i>hal. 57.</span></div>
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<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403#_ftnref19" name="_ftn19" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn19;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">[19]</span></span></span></span></span></a><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> Hendi Suhendi, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Op Cit, </i>hal. 332.</span></div>
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