BAB I MASA REMAJA

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <div style="text-align: center;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">BAB I </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">PENDAHULUAN</span></b> </div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">A.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">LATAR BELAKANG MASALAH</span></b></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 19.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 16.5pt;"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIR3cKhEfBqoPUQBAt1cB1pP2XAQbPiVZQadR8BSfKbezAKHp-xU56L4EsTBb-CBnsfRy-vOTfWkbVFhw1WLfIXUFtdIwCCYBDw6UnMDxXqXBIkShbZ08yN9vxvVpLadCm1iYCXWleAPM/s1600/942863_3027918993846_1020449541_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIR3cKhEfBqoPUQBAt1cB1pP2XAQbPiVZQadR8BSfKbezAKHp-xU56L4EsTBb-CBnsfRy-vOTfWkbVFhw1WLfIXUFtdIwCCYBDw6UnMDxXqXBIkShbZ08yN9vxvVpLadCm1iYCXWleAPM/s320/942863_3027918993846_1020449541_n.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="320" /></a></div> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Saat ini,terjadi fenomene yang sangat memprihatinkan di kalangan remaja,seperti sikap arogan suka berhura-hura, bergerombol memberontak orang tua dan guru, Melakukan penyimpangan sexsual, mengkonsumsi miras,dan narkoba, yang di takutkan lagi apa bila sudah mengenal<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>gemerlap dunia malam,hal ini kalau tidak di imbangi dengan ilmu dan dasar agama yang kuat maka akan merugikan mereka, baik mental maupun perkembangganya.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 19.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 16.5pt;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Fenomena menggerikan itu ternyata banyak terjadi pada kalangan remaja. Menggapa harus remaja?. Secara psikologis, masa remaja merupakan masa yang begit ununik,penuh teka-teki<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>dilematis dan sangat rentan. Banyak di penggaruhi<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>oleh linggkugan sekitar<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>sehingga karakter mereka berbeda-beda. Orang tua atau guru manapun pasti mengginginkan anaknya menjadi saleh, tidak berperilaku dan berpropesi seperti diatas.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">B.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">RUMUSAN MASALAH</span></b></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Dari latar belakang diatas, maka disini penulis dapat merumuskan beberapa masalah diantaranya adalah:</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Apakah Fase Remaja itu?</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Ciri-ciri Remaja.</span></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">BAB II</span></b></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">PEMBAHASAN</span></b></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">MASA REMAJA</span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">A.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">MASA PRAPUBERTAS (PUERAL)</span></b></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 19.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 16.5pt;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Masa ini adalah masa peralihan dari masa sekolah menuju masa pubertas yaitu antara 12-14 tahun, di mana seorang anak yang sudah besar, (Puer=Anak besar) ini sudah ingin berlaku seperti orang dewasa tetapi dirinya belum siap, termasuk kelompok orang dewasa. Prapubertas adalah saat – saat terjadinya kemasakan sexsual yang sesungguhnya, bersama dengan terjadinya perkembangan fesiologik yang berhubungan dengan kemasakan kelenjar endokorin adalah kelenjar yang bermuara langsung didalam saluran darah.Dengan melalui pertukaran zat yang ada di antara jaringan-jaringan kelenjar dengan pembuluh rambut didalam kelenjar tadi. Zat-zat yang di keluarkan tadi di sebut Hormon. </span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 19.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 16.5pt;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Selanjutnya Hormon-Hormon tadi memberikan stimulasi pada tubuh anak,sedemikian rupa sehingga anak merasakan adanya rangsangan-rangsangan tertentu .Suatau rangsangan hormonal ini menyebabkan rasa tidak tenang pada diri anak ,suatu rasa yang belum pernak anak dialami sebelumnya pada akhir dunia anak-anak yang cukup menggembirakan. Peristiwa kemasakan tersebut pada wanita terjadi 1,5 sampai 2 tahun lebih awal dari pada pria. Terjadi kemasakan jasmani bagi wanita bisa ditandai dengan menstruasi pertama, sedangkan para pria di tandai dengan keluarnya sperma yang pertama, biasa lewat bermimpi merasakan kepuasan sexsual.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 19.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 16.5pt;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Bagi masa remaja awal, adanya kematangan jasmani (sexsual) itu umumnya di gunakan dan di anggap sebagai tanda-tanda primer akan terjadinya masa remaja. Adapun tanda-tanda di sebutkan di atas sebagai tanda-tanda sekunder dan tertier</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 19.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 16.5pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">B.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">TANDA-TANDA SEKUNDER ANTARA LAIN</span></b></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">v<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">  </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Tumbuh suburnyarambut pada<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>janggut dan lain-lain.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">v<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">  </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Selaput suara semakin besar .</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">v<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">  </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Badan mulai membentuk “segi tiga”urat-uratpun jadi kuat ,dan muka bertambah persegi.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">v<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">  </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Pinggul semakin besar dan melebar.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">v<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">  </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Kelenjer-kelenjer pada dada menjadi berisi(lemak).</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">v<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">  </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Suara menjadi bulat dan merdu.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">v<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">  </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Muka menjadi mulat dan berisi.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 190.85pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">C.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">TANDA-TANDA TERSIER ANTARA LAIN</span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">          </span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">     </span>Dalam perubahan sikap dan perilaku, contoh: bagi pria ada perubahan mimik jika bicara, cara berpakian, cara mengatur rambut , bahasa yang di ucapkan actinngnya dan lain-lain</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">D.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">MASA PUBERTAS</span></b></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Horlok berpendapat bahwa masa puber adalah fase dalam rentang perkembangan ketika anak anak berubah jadi mahluk eseksual menjadi menjadi mahluk sexsual.Adapun Root berpendapat, ”Masa puber adalah suatu tahap perkembangan saat terjadi kematangan alat-alat sexsual<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>dan tercapai kemampuan Reproduksi.Tahap ini di sertai dengan perubahan-perubahan dalam pertumbuhan somatis dan perspektif somatif Psikologis</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 21.3pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">E.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">BEBERAPA KRETERIA MASA PUBER</span></b></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt; text-align: justify;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">      </span></span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Haid partama menunjukan kematangan sexsual anak perempuan,namun ia bukan perubahan fisik pertama dan terakhir yang terjadi di masa pube.semua organ-organ seks dan ciri-ciri seks sekunder telah berkembang, namun belum matang lebih tepatnya haid sebagai kreteria titik tengah masa puber. Adapun pada anak kaki-laki<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>gejala menunjukan terjadinya masa puber adalah mimpi basah,saat tidur terkadang penis menjadi tegang, dan bibit cairan yang mengandung sperma di pancarkan.Gejala ini adalah normal bagi organ reproduksi laki-laki.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">      </span>Sedikit ada dua cara untuk menggetahui awal masa puber, yaitu analisa medis pada air seni anak laki-laki yang pertama di pagi hari merupakan cara yang paling efektif<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>untuk menentukan kematangan seksualnya.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Bagiantubuh yang mengindikasikan awal pada masa puber terutama tangan dan lutut. Dari kedua bagian tubuh ini dapat di ketahui apakah masa puber sudah mulai dan menunjukan masa pubertas.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Analisa ini di lakukan melalui sinar – X yang di anggap sebai metode yang paling di percaya untuk menentukan kematangan seksual. sekalipun demikian metode ini tidak mungkin di gunakan secara luas dan mudah.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 21.3pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">F.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">PERKEMBANGAN FISIK PADA MASA PUBER</span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">    </span>Sepanjang masa puber ,terjadi peruban Fisik, yaitu perubahan ukuran tubuh, perubahan bentuk tubuh, dan munculnya ciri-ciri seks.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Perubhan Ukuran Tubuh </span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">            </span>Perubahan tinggi badan barat badan merupakan perubahan fisik mendasar yang pertama di masa puber.Hurlock berpendapat bahwa pertambahan tinggi badan anak-anak perempuan mencapai rata-rata 3 inci pertahun, dalam tahun sebelum haid, bahkan bisa saja mencapai 5 sampai 6 inci. Adapun dau tahun sebelum haid, peningkatan itu mencapai rata-rata2,5 inci.Dengan demikian, peningkatan kesekuruhan selama dua tahun sebekum haid adalah 5,5 inci, pasca haid tingkat pertumbuhan itu menurun sampai kira-kira<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>1 inci setahun dan berhenti pada saat dia berusia sekitar delapan belas tahun.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Pada anak laki-laki,permulaan periode pesatnya pertumbuhan tinggi tubuh di mulai pada rata-rata usia 13 tahun dan mencapai pada puncaknya pada usia 14 tahun. Peningkatan tinngi badan paling besar setahun setelah masa puber setelah itu, pertumbuhan menurun sampai usia 20 atau 21 tahun. Lebih lamanya periode pertumbuhan anak laki-laki, menyebababkan tubuhnya lebih tinngi dari anak perempaun.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">            </span>Peningkatan berat tubuh bukan hanya di sebabkan kemak, tetapi juga semakin bertambah beratnya tulang dan jaringan otot. Pada anak perempuan,peningkatan berat badan tubuh yang paling besar sesaat sebelum haid dan sesudah haid.Adapun pada anak laki-laki peningkatan berat tubuh maksim terjadi<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">  </span>1 atau 2 tahun setelah anak perempuan, dan mencapai puncaknya pada usia 16 tahun. Setelah itu pertambahan tubuhnya sedikit aja.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: -7.1pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Perubahan Bentuk Tubuh</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: -.05pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">            </span>Perubahan bentuk tubuh merupakan perubahan fisik mendasar yang ke dua. Akibat terjadinya kematangan yang lebih cepat di dairah-dairah tubuh yang lain. Sekarang dairah-dairah tubuh tertentu yang tadinya kecil menjadi besar. Gejala ini tampak jelas pada hidung, kaki, dan tangan namun demikian semua bagian tubuh itu akan mencapai ukuran dewasa.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: -7.1pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Ciri Ciri Perubahan Seks</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: -7.1pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Seks Primer</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: -.05pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">      </span>Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan ciri-ciri seks primer yaitu organ-organ seks merupakan perubahan fisik mendasar yang ketiga.jika fungsi organ reproduksi laki-laki telah matang,anak laki-laki akan mengalami mimpi basah. Bermimpi tentang seksual yang menggairahkan sehingga kantung kemihnya penuh atau mengalami sembelit. Tidak sedikit anak laki-laki yang belum menyadari hal tersebut sehingga terlihat bercak barcak di tempat tidur atau celananya.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 19.5pt; margin-right: -7.1pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 16.5pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: -7.1pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Seks Sekunder</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: -.05pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;">      </span>Perkembangan seks sekundermerupakan perubahan fisik mendasar yang ke empat. Pada dasarnya ciri seks ini tidak berkaitan langsung dengan reproduksi, melainkan memunnculkan tanda-tanda yang membedakan antara laki-laki dan perempuan, fenomena seperti ini tidak terjadi pada organ-organ seks primer yang langsung berkaitan dengan reproduksi,sehingga penampilan tubuh masih seperti anak-anak yang tentunya tidak menimbulkan ada daya tarik seksual. Pada saat ciri-ciri seks sekunder muncul, timbul daya tarik dengan lawan jenis dan gairah seksual. Ciri-ciri seks sekunder para wanita anntara lain:</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: -.05pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Pinggul yang membesar dan membulat sebagi akibat membesarnya tulang pinggul dan berkembangnya lemak bawah kulit</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: -7.1pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Tumbunya rambut halus bagian-bagian tertentu </span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: -7.1pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-indent: -.25in;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">G.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">MASA ADOLESEN</span></b></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: -.05pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;">    </span></span></b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Pada masa ini seseorang sudah dapat mengetahui kondisi dirinya, ia sudah mulai membuat rencana kehidupan serta sudah mulai memilih dan menentukan jalan hidupnya. Masa sebenarnya sudah tidak begitu menarik untuk di bahas karena masa ini tidak lagi banyak keistimewaan, sebagai persiapan kehidupan pada masa dewasa. Adapun batas masa adolesen ini sebenarnya masa banyak pendapat yang saling berbeda, tetapi untuk sekedar pedoman umum serta berdasarkan gejala-gejala tipikal adalah antara 18-21.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: -.05pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: -7.1pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: center;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">BAB III</span></b></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: center;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">KESIMPULAN</span></b></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 19.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 16.5pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 19.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 16.5pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 19.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 16.5pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 19.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 16.5pt;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Dari pembahasan makalah diatas, maka dapat penulis simpulkan bahwa Masa pra pubertas adalah masa peralihan dari masa sekolah menuju masa pubertas di mana anak sudah besar, (puer= anak besar) yaitu di usia 12-14;0 tahun. Sedangkan masa pubertas seorang anak tidak lagi hanya bersifat reaktif tetapi juga anak mulai aktif mencapai kegiatan dalam rangka menemukan jati dirinya (akunya) serta mencari pedoman hidup untuk bekal kehidupanya mendatang,masa pubertas ini umurnya yaitu 14-18 tahun.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 19.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 16.5pt;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Masa adolesen berbeda dengan masa pra pubertas atau pubertas yaitu,seorang anak sudah mengetahuikondisi dirinya. DR.MJ Langeveldmemberikan ciri-cirik kedewasaan seseorang antara lain:</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Dapat berdiri sendiri dalam kehidupanya.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Dapat bertanggung jawab dalam arti sebenarnya terutama moral</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo8; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Memiliki sifat-sifat yang konstruktif terhadap masyarakat, dimana ia berada.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: -7.1pt; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 21.3pt 28.35pt; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 19.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 16.5pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 19.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 16.5pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 19.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: 16.5pt;"> <br /></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">DAFTAR PUSTAKA</span></b></div> <div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 19.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center; text-indent: 16.5pt;"> <br /></div> <div align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 19.5pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: center; text-indent: 16.5pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Abu ahmadi<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">. Psikologi perkembangan</i>, (Jakarta: Renika Cipta, 1991).</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Munawar Soleh.<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Psikologi perkembangan,</i> (Jakarta: Renika Cipta, 1991).</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; tab-stops: 114.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.5in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Muhammad AL-Mighwar<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">. Psikilogi Remaja,</i> (Bandung: Pustaka Setia, 2006).</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"> <br /></div> </div>

BAB I MASA REMAJA

BAB I PENDAHULUAN A.    LATAR BELAKANG MASALAH Saat ini,terjadi fenomene yang sangat memprihatinkan di kalangan remaja,seperti sikap arogan suka berhura-hura, bergerombol memberontak orang tua dan gu…

Read more »

BAB I SUKU DAYAK

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"> <!--[if !mso]> <style> v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} </style> <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves>false</w:TrackMoves> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true" DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:IN;} </style> <![endif]--> <br /> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: center;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">BAB I</span></b></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: center;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PENDAHULUAN</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></b></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: center;"> <br /></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: center;"> <br /></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: center;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">A.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">LATAR BELAKANG MASALAH</span></b></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Indonesia adalah Negara dengan keragaman budaya dan suku bangsa. <strong><span style="font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Dayak</span> </strong>merupakan salah satu dari ribuan suku yang terdapat di Indonesia. Dayak ini dikenal sebagai salah satu suku asli di Kalimantan. Mereka merupakan salah satu penduduk mayoritas di provinsi tersebut. Kata Dayak dalam bahasa lokal Kalimantan berarti orang yang tinggal di hulu sungai. Hal ini mengacu kepada tempat tinggal mereka yang berada di hulu sungai-sungai besar. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Agak berbeda dengan kebudayaan Indonesia lainnya yang pada umumnya bermula di daerah pantai, masyarakat suku Dayak menjalani sebagian besar hidupnya di sekitar daerah aliran sungai pedalaman Kalimantan.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dalam pikiran orang awam, suku Dayak hanya ada satu jenis. Padahal sebenarnya mereka terbagi ke dalam banyak sub-sub suku. Perbedaan tersebut disebabkan oleh terpencarnya masyarakat Dayak menjadi kelompok-kelompok kecil dengan pengaruh masuknya kebudayaan luar. Setiap sub suku memiliki budaya unik dan memberi ciri khusus pada setiap komunitasnya.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">B.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">IDENTIFIKASI MASALAH</span></b></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Dari latar belakang tersebut maka dapat dirumuskan masalah sebagai berikut:</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Darimana asal mula suku Dayak?</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Apa </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">budaya, adat dan kesenian suku dayak itu?</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Bagaimana </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">bentuk Rumah adat suku dayak?</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Apa saja makanan khas suku dayak?</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraph" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">C.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">TUJUAN PENULISAN </span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Tujuan dari pnulisan ini adalah agar pembaca mengetahui:</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Asal mula </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">d</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">an sejarah </span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Budaya, adat dan kesenian</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Rumah adat</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Makanan khas suku dayak.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" /> </span> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; mso-background-themecolor: background1;"> <br /></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: center;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">BAB II</span></b></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: center;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">PEMBAHASAN</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></b></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: center;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">SUKU DAYAK</span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">A.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">ASAL USUL </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">SUKU DAYAK</span></b><b><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></b></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dayak merupakan sebutan bagi penduduk asli pulau Kalimantan. Pulau kalimantan terbagi berdasarkan wilayah Administratif yang mengatur wilayahnya masing-masing terdiri dari: Kalimantan Timur ibu kotanya Samarinda, Kalimantan Selatan dengan ibu kotanya Banjarmasin, Kalimantan Tengah ibu kotanya Palangka Raya, dan Kalimantan Barat ibu kotanya Pontianak.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kelompok Suku Dayak, terbagi lagi dalam sub-sub suku yang kurang lebih jumlahnya 405 sub (menurut J. U. Lontaan, 1975). Masing-masing sub suku Dayak di pulau Kalimantan mempunyai adat istiadat dan budaya yang mirip, merujuk kepada sosiologi kemasyarakatannya dan perbedaan adat istiadat, budaya, maupun bahasa yang khas. Masa lalu masyarakat yang kini disebut suku Dayak, mendiami daerah pesisir pantai dan sungai-sungai di tiap-tiap pemukiman mereka.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Etnis Dayak Kalimantan menurut seorang antropologi J.U. Lontaan, 1975 dalam Bukunya Hukum Adat dan Adat Istiadat Kalimantan Barat, terdiri dari 6 suku besar dan 405 sub suku kecil, yang menyebar di seluruh Kalimantan. Kuatnya arus urbanisasi yang membawa pengaruh dari luar,seperti melayu menyebabkan mereka menyingkir semakin jauh ke pedalaman dan perbukitan di seluruh daerah Kalimantan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Mereka menyebut dirinya dengan kelompok yang berasal dari suatu daerah berdasarkan nama sungai, nama pahlawan, nama alam dan sebagainya. Misalnya suku Iban asal katanya dari ivan (dalam bahasa kayan, ivan = pengembara) demikian juga menurut sumber yang lainnya bahwa mereka menyebut dirinya dengan nama suku Batang Lupar, karena berasal dari sungai Batang Lupar, daerah perbatasan Kalimantan Barat dengan Serawak, Malaysia. Suku Mualang, diambil dari nama seorang tokoh yang disegani (Manok Sabung/algojo) di Tampun Juah dan nama tersebut diabadikan menjadi sebuah nama anak sungai Ketungau di daerah Kabupaten Sintang (karena suatu peristiwa) dan kemudian dijadikan nama suku Dayak Mualang. Dayak Bukit (Kanayatn/Ahe) berasal dari Bukit/gunung Bawang. Demikian juga asal usul Dayak Kayan, Kantuk, Tamambaloh, Kenyah, Benuag, Ngaju dan lain-lain, yang mempunyai latar belakang sejarah sendiri-sendiri.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Namun ada juga suku Dayak yang tidak mengetahui lagi asal usul nama sukunya. Nama "Dayak" atau "Daya" adalah nama eksonim (nama yang bukan diberikan oleh mayarakat itu sendiri) dan bukan nama endonim (nama yang diberikan oleh masyarakat itu sendiri). Kata Dayak berasal dari kata Daya” yang artinya hulu, untuk menyebutkan masyarakat yang tinggal di pedalaman atau perhuluan Kalimantan umumnya dan Kalimantan Barat khususnya, (walaupun kini banyak masyarakat Dayak yang telah bermukim di kota kabupaten dan propinsi) yang mempunyai kemiripan adat istiadat dan budaya dan masih memegang teguh tradisinya.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kalimantan Tengah mempunyai problem etnisitas yang sangat berbeda di banding Kalimantan Barat. Mayoritas ethnis yang mendiami Kalimantan Tengah adalah ethnis Dayak, yang terbesar suku Dayak Ngaju, Ot Danum, Maanyan, Dusun, dsb. Sedangkan agama yang mereka anut sangat variatif. Dayak yang beragama Islam di Kalimantan Tengah, tetap mempertahankan ethnisnya Dayak, demikian juga bagi Dayak yang masuk agama Kristen. Agama asli suku Dayak di Kalimantan Tengah adalah Kaharingan, yang merupakan agama asli yang lahir dari budaya setempat sebelum bangsa Indonesia mengenal agama pertama yakni Hindu. Karena Hindu telah meyebar luas di dunia terutama Indonesia dan lebih dikenal luas, jika dibandingkan dengan agama suku Dayak, maka Agama Kaharingan dikategorikan ke cabang agama Hindu.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Propinsi Kalimantan Barat mempunyai keunikan tersendiri terhadap proses alkurturasi cultural atau perpindahan suatu culture religius bagi masyarakat setempat. Dalam hal ini proses tersebut sangat berkaitan erat dengan dua suku terbesar di Kalimantan Barat yaitu Dayak,Melayu dan Tiongkok. Pada mulanya Bangsa Dayak mendiami pesisir Kalimantan Barat, hidup dengan tradisi dan budayanya masing-masing, kemudian datanglah pedagang dari gujarab beragama Islam (Arab Melayu) dengan tujuan jual-beli barang-barang dari dan kepada masyarakat Dayak, kemudian karena seringnya mereka berinteraksi, bolak-balik mengambil dan mengantar barang-barang dagangan dari dan ke Selat Malaka (merupakan sentral dagang di masa lalu), menyebabkan mereka berkeinginan menetap di daerah baru yang mempunyai potensi dagang yang besar bagi keuntungan mereka.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Hal ini menjadi daya tarik tersendiri bagi masyarakat Dayak ketika bersentuhan dengan pendatang yang membawa pengetahuan baru yang asing ke daerahnya. Karena sering terjadinya proses transaksi jual beli barang kebutuhan, dan interaksi cultural, menyebabkan pesisir Kalimantan Barat menjadi ramai, di kunjungi masyarakat lokal (Dayak) dan pedagang Arab Melayu dari Selat Malaka. Di masa itu system religi masyarakat Dayak mulai terpengaruh dan dipengaruhi oleh para pedagang Melayu yang telah mengenal pengetahuan, pendidikan dan agama Islam dari luar Kalimantan. Karena hubungan yang harmonis terjalin baik, maka masyarakat lokal atau Dayak, ada yang menaruh simpati kepada pedagang Gujarat tersebut yang lambat laun terpengaruh, maka agama Islam diterima dan dikenal pada tahun 1550 M di Kerajaan Tanjung Pura pada penerintahan Giri Kusuma yang merupakan kerajan melayu dan lambat laun mulai menyebar di Kalimantan Barat.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Masyarakat Dayak masih memegang teguh kepercayaan dinamismenya, mereka percaya setiap tempat-tempat tertentu ada penguasanya, yang mereka sebut: Jubata, Petara, Ala Taala, Penompa dan lain-lain, untuk sebutan Tuhan yang tertinggi, kemudian mereka masih mempunyai penguasa lain dibawah kekuasaan Tuhan tertingginya: misalnya: Puyang Gana ( Dayak mualang) adalah penguasa tanah , Raja Juata (penguasa Air), Kama”Baba (penguasa Darat),Jobata,Apet Kuyan'gh</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">(</span><span lang="IN"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dayak_Mali" title="Dayak Mali"><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Dayak Mali</span></a></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">) dan lain-lain. Bagi mereka yang masih memegang teguh kepercayaan dinamisme nya dan budaya aslinya nya, mereka memisahkan diri masuk semakin jauh kepedalaman.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Adapun segelintir masyarakat Dayak yang telah masuk agama Islam oleh karena perkawinan lebih banyak meniru gaya hidup pendatang yang dianggap telah mempunyai peradaban maju karena banyak berhubungan dengan dunia luar. (Dan sesuai perkembangannya maka masuklah para misionaris dan misi kristiani/nasrani ke pedalaman). Pada umumnya masyarakat Dayak yang pindah agama Islam di Kalimantan Barat dianggap oleh suku dayak sama dengan suku melayu. Suku Dayak yang masih asli (memegang teguh kepercayaan nenek moyang) di masa lalu, hingga mereka berusaha menguatkan perbedaan, suku dayak yang masuk Islam(karena Perkawinan dengan suku Melayu) memperlihatkan diri sebagai suku melayu.banyak yang lupa akan identitas sebagai suku dayak mulai dari agama barunya dan aturan keterikatan dengan adat istiadatnya. Setelah penduduk pendatang di pesisir berasimilasi dengan suku Dayak yang pindah(lewat perkawinan dengan suku melayu) ke Agama Islam,agama islam lebih identik dengan suku melayu dan agama kristiani atau kepercayaan dinamisme lebih identik dengan suku Dayak.sejalan terjadinya urbanisasi ke kalimantan, menyebabkan pesisir Kalimantan Barat menjadi ramai, karena semakin banyak di kunjungi pendatang baik local maupun nusantara lainnya.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Untuk mengatur daerah tersebut maka tokoh orang melayu yang di percayakan masyarakat setempat diangkat menjadi pemimpin atau diberi gelar Penembahan (istilah yang dibawa pendatang untuk menyebut raja kecil ) penembahan ini hidup mandiri dalam suatu wilayah kekuasaannya berdasarkan komposisi agama yang dianut sekitar pusat pemerintahannya, dan cenderung mempertahankan wilayah tersebut. Namun ada kalanya penembahan tersebut menyatakan tunduk terhadap kerajaan dari daerah asalnya, demi keamanan ataupun perluasan kekuasaan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Masyarakat Dayak yang pindah ke agama Islam ataupun yang telah menikah dengan pendatang Melayu disebut dengan Senganan, atau masuk senganan/masuk Laut, dan kini mereka mengklaim dirinya dengan sebutan Melayu. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 3; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">B.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">     </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">BUDAYA, ADAT DAN KESENIAN</span></b></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Budaya </span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Dunia Supranatural </span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dunia Supranatural bagi Suku Dayak memang sudah sejak jaman dulu merupakan ciri khas kebudayaan Dayak. Karena supranatural ini pula orang luar negeri sana menyebut Dayak sebagai pemakan manusia ( kanibal ). Namun pada kenyataannya Suku Dayak adalah suku yang sangat cinta damai asal mereka tidak di ganggu dan ditindas semena-mena. Kekuatan supranatural Dayak Kalimantan banyak jenisnya, contohnya Manajah Antang. Manajah Antang merupakan cara suku Dayak untuk mencari petunjuk seperti mencari keberadaan musuh yang sulit di temukan dari arwah para leluhur dengan media burung Antang, dimanapun musuh yang di cari pasti akan ditemukan.<br /> Mangkok merah. Mangkok merah merupakan media persatuan Suku Dayak. Mangkok merah beredar jika orang Dayak merasa kedaulatan mereka dalam bahaya besar. “Panglima” atau sering suku Dayak sebut Pangkalima biasanya mengeluarkan isyarat siaga atau perang berupa mangkok merah yang di edarkan dari kampung ke kampung secara cepat sekali. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dari penampilan sehari-hari banyak orang tidak tahu siapa panglima Dayak itu. Orangnya biasa-biasa saja, hanya saja ia mempunyai kekuatan supranatural yang luar biasa. Percaya atau tidak panglima itu mempunyai ilmu bisa terbang kebal dari apa saja seperti peluru, senjata tajam dan sebagainya.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Budaya</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Telinga Panjang</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Anting tradisional model gasing khas DayakDimasa sekarang Budaya unik masyarakat Dayak yang satu ini hanya dapat disaksikan pada warga Dayak Stanmenras / rumpun Apokayan (Kenyah, Kayan dan Bahau) serta sedikit warga Dayak Iban dan Dayak Punan saja, sementara pada masyarakat Dayak Lainnya sudah tidak ditemukan. Apakah Masyarakat Dayak lain tidak punya budaya ini? Sejujurnya hampir semua sub etnis Dayak dimasa lampau punya tradisi ini hanya saja sudah lama di tinggalkan. Kebanyakan tradisi ini ditinggalkan sejak kedatangan orang luar ke kalimantan, yaitu sejak datangnya para pelaut India dan arab serta China atau etnis Indonesia lainnya ke kalimantan, dengan alasan merasa malu. namun tidak sedikit yang meninggalkan budaya ini di masa awal penjajahan Belanda hingga dimasa penjajahan Jepang. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Pada masyarakat Dayak Kendayan yang berdialek Banyadu misalnya, dari cerita orang tua di kampung Tititareng kecamatan Menyuke darit disebutkan bahwa dimasa penjajahan Jepang masih terdapat seorang nenek yang mempertahankan Telinga panjangnya. Sepeninggalan Nenek tersebut maka berakhirlah masa budaya telinga panjang pada masyarakat Dayak Banyadu. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Budaya Tatto</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Motif bunga terong, motif tato para panglima Dayak.Tatto pada masyarakat Dayak dimasa lampau merupakan simbol fisik yang secara langsung memperlihatkan strata seseorang dalam masyarakat. Baik kaum pria maupun kaum wanita sama-sama mempunyai tatto. Sementara motif-motif gambar tatto juga disesuaikan dengan strata sosial yang berlaku di masyarakat. Gambar tatto antara orang biasa berbeda dengan orang-orang penting seperti para temenggung, para Baliatn, para Demang dan para Panglima perang. Dimasa kini budaya ini sepertinya juga sudah banyak ditinggalkan, dengan berbagai alasan, meski cukup banyak juga generasi Dayak yang sadar untuk terus mengembangkannya.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kayau</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: .25in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kata Kayau bermakna sebagai kegiatan perburuan kepala tokoh-tokoh masyarakat yang menjadi musuh, dimana kepala hasil buruan tersebut akan digunakan dalam ritual Notokng (Istilah Dayak Kendayan). Jadi pada dasarnya yang dimaksud dengan Kayau bukanlah perang antar suku seperti perang dalam kerusuhan-kerusuhan yang pernah terjadi di Kalimantan beberapa waktu yang lalu, yang korbannya tidak pandang bulu apakah seorang biasa atau seorang yang berpengaruh pada kelompok musuh. Kayau tidak sembarangan di lakukan, demikian juga tokoh-tokoh musuh yang di incar, semua dipertimbangkan dengan penuh seksama. Sementara itu, jumlah pasukan Kayau yang akan bertugas di medan minimal tujuh orang.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Adat </span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Suku dayak mempunyai beberapa jenis upacara adat seperti dibawah ini:</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">          </span></span></span></strong><strong><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%;">Upacara Manyanggar</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></strong></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Upacara adat Suku Dayak ini merupakan ritual yang dilaksanakan dengan tujuan agar terjadi harmonisasi antara kehidupan yang nyata dan kehidupan di alam gaib. Orang Suku Dayak percaya bila di alam ini bukan hanya manusia saja yang mendiaminya. Namun ada juga kehidupan lain yang tidak kasat mata.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">          </span></span></span></strong><strong><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%;">Upacara Kenyau</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></strong></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ini merupakan jenis upacara tradisi sebagai bentuk penghormatan bagi anggota keluarga atau orang tua yang meninggal. Dalam upacara ini sering dilakukan penyembelihan binatang yang ditujukan untuk arwah orang yang telah meninggalkan mereka menuju alam kehidupan yang lain<strong>.</strong></span><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></strong></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">          </span></span></span></strong><strong><span lang="IN" style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%;">Upacara Tiwah</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></strong></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Ini upacara tradisional yang berhubungan dengan orang yang sudah meninggal juga.  Yaitu mengantar tulang belulang kerangka orang mati menuju suatu rumah ukuran kecil yang memang sengaja dibuat khusus untuk menyimpan tulang orang meninggal. Nama rumah ini dinamakan Sandung. Upacara ini juga termasuk punya nilai religi yang tinggi, karena banyak doa dan puja puji yang dipanjatkan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .75in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">      </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Kesenian </span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"> <span lang="IN" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Bentuk</span><span lang="IN" style="color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">kesenian suku Dayak</span> <span style="background: white;">tidak bisa dilepaskan dari sejarah sosiologisnya. Berawal dari masyarakat primitif yang menganut animisme-dinamisme, kebudayaan suku ini berakulturasi dengan kebudayaan kaum pendatang seperti Jawa dan Tionghoa.</span></span><span lang="IN" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"> </span><span lang="IN" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Agama yang dianggap lahir dari budaya setempat adalah Kaharingan. Pengaruh kuat agama Hindu dalam proses akulturasi ini menyebabkan Kaharingan dikategorikan ke dalam cabang agama tersebut. Dalam perkembangan berikutnya, ada akulturasi budaya Islam pengaruh Kesultanan Banjar di pusat kebudayaan suku Dayak.</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"> <span lang="IN" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Meskipun begitu, sebagian masyarakat Dayak tergolong teguh memegang kepercayaan dinamismenya. Untuk kelompok ini, sebagian besar memutuskan untuk memisahkan diri dan masuk semakin jauh ke pedalaman.</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"> <span lang="IN" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;">Kebudayaan suku Dayak yang khas membentuk estetika yang tercermin dalam budaya dan keseniannya, meliputi seni tari, seni musik, seni drama, seni rupa, dan sebagainya.</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: IN;"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">C.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">RUMAH ADAT </span></b></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"> <span lang="IN"><a href="http://dayakculture.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/xplty.jpg"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"><img alt="rumah adat" border="0" height="215" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/COM2%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.jpg" width="287" /></span></span></a></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Setiap daerah di Indonesia memiliki ciri khas kebudayaan yang berbeda-beda, mulai dari rumah adat, tarian, alat musik pakaian dan lain-lain. Sebagai contoh adalah Rumah Betang, rumah adat suku dayak di provinsi Kalimantan.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rumah Betang atau Rumah Panjang</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> merupakan rumah panggung yang dibangun dengan tinggi tiang sekitar 2 meter. Rumah ini dihuni oleh belasan rumah tangga yang terdiri dari 100-150 orang dan setiap ruangan didalam rumah dibatasi oleh sekat-sekat.<br /> Pada halaman rumah betang terdapat <i>sapundu</i>, yaitu sebuah patung berbentuk manusia dan berfungsi sebagai tempat untuk mengikat hewan yang akan dikurbankan pada acara ritual upacara adat. Selain itu pada beberapa halaman rumah betang juga memiliki <i>Patahu</i> yang berfungsi sebagai tempat untuk pemujaan.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sementara di bagian belakang rumah terdapat gudang yang dijadikan sebagai tempat untuk menyimpan senjata tradisional (<i>bawong</i>) yang disebut <i>tukau</i></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"> <span lang="IN"><a href="http://rumahadat.blog.com/files/2012/03/rumah-tradisonal-dayak.jpg"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: windowtext; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout;"><img alt="rumah tradisonal dayak" border="0" height="225" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/COM2%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image003.jpg" width="300" /></span></span></a></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; mso-add-space: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Suku terbesar di Indonesia yaitu suku Dayak, suku yang menempati pulau terbesar di Indonesia ini.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Suku Asli pulau Kalimantan ini mempunyai adat dan budaya kental dan khas dan cukup terkenal di dunia.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Salah satu budaya suku dayak bisa kita lihat dari karya seni mulai ukiran sampai motif dayak, nah kali ini kita membahas tentang arsitektur bangunan </span><span lang="IN"><a href="http://rumahadat.blog.com/"><span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Rumah Betang</span></a></span><span lang="IN" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: text1;">.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Rumah Betang adalah rumah adat khas Kalimantan yang terdapat di berbagai penjuru Kalimantan.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Suku Dayak hidupnya berkelompok, membentuk koloni dari anggota keluarga mereka. Dengan gaya hidup berkelompok tersebut sangat mempengaruhi bentuk dan besar dari rumah mereka.</span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">D.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">    </span></span></span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">MAKANAN KHAS </span></b></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"> <span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;"><img alt="Dange Cake" border="0" height="200" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/COM2%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.jpg" width="200" /></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal;"> <i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dange Cake</span></i><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Indonesia memiliki berbagai macam jenis makanan. Dari gorengan, sup, dan lain-lain, disetiap daerah di indonesia pasti memiliki berbagai macam makanan unik. Kali ini akan membahas makanan khas suku dayak dari kalimantan barat.</span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Makanan kali ini adalah makanan yang sering digunakan pada pesta maupun acara adat. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">          </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Lemang/pulut (po'e)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adalah makanan khas dari orang kalimantan barat. Meskipun juga banyak dijumpai makanan serupa diwilayah lain, malaysia juga mempunyai makanan khas lemang. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">          </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kue lepet.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kue lepet adalah kue yang di lipat dengan daun pisang lalu di kukus. Lepet sebenar nya bahasa dayak yang berarti dilipat.</span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=3762076589651408403" name="more"></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">          </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Tampi<br /> Kue tampi adalah kue yang tidak ada rasa tetapi wajib hadir ketika ada upacara adat. Ukuran nya kecil-kecil bahan membuatnya adalah tepung beras yang di goreng.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo7; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">          </span></span></span><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kue dange</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Kue yang terbuat dari parutan kelapa, tepung dan gula. Lalu di panggang di pemanggang khusus kue dange. Biasanya kue ini ada di saat pesta maupun biasanya dijual sebagai camilan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;">DAFTAR PUSTAKA</span></b></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 20.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.7pt;"> <span lang="IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Koentjaraningrat. (2004). <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Manusia dan Kebudayaan di Indonesia</i>. Jakarta: Djambatan.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 20.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.7pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 20.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.7pt;"> <span lang="IN"><a href="http://www.anneahira.com/kesenian-suku-dayak.htm"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">http://www.anneahira.com/kesenian-suku-dayak.htm</span></a></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 20.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.7pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 20.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.7pt;"> <span lang="IN"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/suku_Dayak"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/suku_Dayak</span></a></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 20.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.7pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 20.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-indent: -20.7pt;"> <span lang="IN"><a href="http://travel.okezone.com/read/2011/02/24/407/428449/mengenal-dekat-suku-dayak"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">http://travel.okezone.com/read/2011/02/24/407/428449/mengenal-dekat-suku</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">dayak</span></a></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 20.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.7pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 20.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.7pt;"> <span lang="IN"><a href="http://www.kutaikartanegara.com/senibudaya/tari.html"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">http://www.kutaikartanegara.com/senibudaya/tari.html</span></a></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">.</span></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 20.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.7pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 56.7pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -20.7pt;"> <br /></div> <div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-background-themecolor: background1; text-align: justify;"> <br /></div> </div>

• 
• 
• 

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3

• Previous
• Next

BAB I SUKU DAYAK

v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} Normal 0 false false false false …

Read more »